1. Intestinal Villi

2. Absorption of Fat
Glycerol + Short Chain Fatty Acids  Intestinal Cells  Capillaries  Liver  Bloodstream

3. Entrance of Monoglycerides and Long Chain Fatty Acids from lumen into intestinal cells…
In lumen, they combine with bile to form spherical complexes (Micelles) → enter intestinal cells and form protein coated molecules → Lymphatic system → Bloodstream

4. Chylomicrons
Clusters of lipids (cholesterol, phopholipids and triglycerides) and proteins that transport fat around the body

5. Types of Lipoproteins Chylomicrons – mostly triglycerides
Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDLs) – ½ triglycerides; made in the liver
Low Density Lipoproteins (LDLs) – highest in cholesterol; VLDLs without triglycerides
High Density Lipoproteins (HDLs) – ½ protein; made in liver

8. Improving LDL:HDL Ratio and Heart Health
1. Exercise: can  HDL concentration
2. Substitute saturated fats with monounsaturated/polyunsaturated fats in diet
(saturated fats can raise LDLs)
3. Eat more soluble fibers (gums, pectins): they bind to bile and increase its excretion.
Bile is made from cholesterol  lowers blood cholesterol
4.  intake of antioxidants
- Vit C prevents free radicals from oxidizing LDLs  oxidation changes structure and function of LDL which leads to damaged arterial walls