1. Projection of
PLANE

2. PROJECTIONS OF PLANES A plane is a two-dimensional geometrical entity
It has length and width but no thickness
For practical purposes, a flat face of an object may be treated as a plane
A plane which has limited extent (has fixed shape) is termed as a lamina
Information usually given:
Shape of the plane
Inclination of it’s surface with one of the reference planes
Inclination of one of it’s edges with the other reference plane will be given

3. Shapes of the plane
Circle
Semicircle

4. C A B CASE OF A RECTANGLE – OBSERVE AND NOTE ALL STEPS.
SURFACE PARALLEL TO HP
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION
SURFACE INCLINED TO HP
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION
ONE SMALL SIDE INCLINED TO VP
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION
For T.V.
For T.V.
For Tv
FV-1
FV-2
FV-3
For Fv
For F.V.
For F.V.
T V-1
T V-2
T V-3
ORTHOGRAPHIC
TV-True Shape
FV- Line // to xy
ORTHOGRAPHIC
FV- Inclined to XY
TV- Reduced Shape
ORTHOGRAPHIC
FV- Apparent Shape
TV-Previous Shape VP VP a’ d’ c’ b’ VP a’ d’ c’ b’ HP a1 b1 c1 d1
a1’
d1’
c1’
b1’ HP a b c d HP a1 b1 c1 d1 C A B

5. Illustration no. 1
A semicircle plane of 60 mm diameter is inclined to the VP at 30°. Its straight edge is in the VP and inclined to the HP at 45°. Draw its three view.

7. Illustration no. 2
A square lamina of 50 mm side rests on one of the corners on the HP. The diagonal through that corner makes 30° to VP. The two sides containing this corner make equal inclinations with the HP. The surface of the lamina makes 45° to the HP. Draw the TV and FV of lamina.

9. Illustration no. 3
A regular pentagon ABCDE of side 30 mm has one of its edges parallel to VP and inclined at 30° to the HP. The pentagon is inclined at 45° to the VP. Draw the projections.

11. Illustration no.4
Find Area and perimeter of triangle ABC, if A (10,50,80), B(40,30,70), C(60,40,80)

13. Illustration no. 5
Find Area and perimeter of triangle ABC, if A (10,20,50), B(70,10,60), C(40,30,80)

14. Illustration no. 6
The FVs and TVs of two triangle planes (ABC & ABD) as given bellows, find the true angle between them A(00, 10, 45) B(30, 20, 45) C(10, 30, 75) D(45, 00, 70)

16. Illustration no. 7
The FVs and TVs of two triangle planes (ABC & ABD) as given bellows, find the true angle between them A(15, 20, 95) B(55, 20, 100) C(00, 00, 60) D(80, 50, 60)

18. Illustration no. 8
A kite has diagonals of 80 mm and 50 mm length. The diagonals intersect at a point 30 mm from an end of the major diagonal. The kites rests on the ground on one of its longer edges. The plane of the kites makes 60° with the ground while the edge on the ground makes 30° with vertical wall. Draw the projections of the kites.