1. UNIT 3
Disposable world

2. FOOD AND DRINK HEALTH AND LIFESTYLE
Much-many- a lot of / lots of
Definig relative clauses
Comparative and superlative adjectives

3. DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
WHO
WHICH
THAT
WHERE
WHEN
WHOSE

4. USES
They make reference to the person, object, idea or place we are talking about
RELATIVE PRONOUNS
THEY REFER TO ….
WHO
The boy who lives next door is Mery’s brother
People
Mery’s brother
WHICH
That book which is about the Second World War is amazing
Things/Ideas/Animals…..
The book
WHERE
Granada is a city. I grew up there
Granada is the city where I grew up
Places
Granada
WHEN / IN WHICH
Summer is a season. We go to the beach then
Summer is the season when / in which we go to the beach
Time
Summer

5. You will learn that sometimes they can be ommited
Remember:
WHO refers to people and WHICH refers to animals, things, …
“THAT” sometimes can replace WHO and WHICH (in Defining Relative Clauses ):
Did you know the girl WHO/THAT came to the party yesterday?
The book WHICH/THAT I’m reading is very interesting.
You will learn that sometimes they can be ommited

6. WHEN shows Time:
- I will never forget the day + I met my best friend that day
I’ll never forget the day (WHEN/THAT) I met my best friend.
WHERE refers to Places:
-This is the hotel + We are staying at the hotel next weekend:
This is the hotel WHERE we are staying next weekend.
- The city is interesting + my sister is living in the city:
The city WHERE my sister is living is interesting.
(WHEN can also be omitted in Defining Relative Clauses).

7. DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
They give essential information about people, things or places in the main clause
This is the CD which everyone is talking about.
We can use THAT instead of which/who
I hate people who never listen
She is living in the house where I was born
That’s the dog whose owner is a famous actor
This is the book which I gave you

8. Write who/that/which in the blanks.
a. I met a woman who can speak six languages.
b. What’s the name of the man _____________ lives next door?
c. What’s the name of the river _____________ goes through the town?
d. Everybody _____________ went to the party enjoyed it very much.
e. Do you know anybody _____________ wants to buy a car?
f. Where is the picture _____________ was on the wall?
g. She always asks me questions _____________ are difficult to answer.
h. I have a friend _____________ is very good at repairing cars.
i. A coffee-maker is a machine _____________ makes coffee.
j. I don’t like people _____________ never stop talking.
k. Have you seen the money _____________ was on the table?
l. Why does he always wear clothes _____________ are too small for him?

9. b. She spoke to the man. He was standing next to her.
Join the sentences using who or which.
a. We chose the hotel. It seemed to be the nicest. We chose the hotel which seemed to be the nicest.
b. She spoke to the man. He was standing next to her.
_______________________________________________________________
c. I read the letters. They came in the morning post.
d. He likes the other people. They work in his office.
e. She’s that singer. She was on television last night.
f. Next week there is a festival. It happens in the village every summer.
g. I paid the bills. They came yesterday.

10. 9. Complete the conversation by putting who or which into the gaps.
Carol: Did you watch that programme last night?
David: Which one?
Carol: The programme which I mentioned a couple of days ago. It’s
new series __________ started last night.
David: No, I didn’t see it. Was it good?
Carol: Yes. It was about a group of friends __________ were at school together. Well, Rupert ...
David: Who was Rupert?
Carol: He was an old student of the school __________ had become a doctor. He went to a party __________ his old teachers organised. He met a lot of people __________ had been at school with him many years before. They talked about the things __________ they did when they were at school. Then suddenly, Rupert saw an old girl-friend __________ was dancing with John ...
David: Don’t tell me any more. It’s getting too complicated!

11. Form
There are no commas in defining relative clauses. We can replace who or which with that in defining relative clauses.
She’s the woman that works with my mother.
This is the book that I told you about.
Who, which, that and when can be omitted when they are the object of the verb in the second clause, e.g.
There’s the man that the police have been looking for.
Whose and where can’t be omitted.

12. NON DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
They give extra information about people, things or places in the main clause . The extra information is not essential.
Robbie Williams’ Millennium, which is one of his most successful singles, was released in 1999.
They are marked by commas
We can’t use THAT instead of which/who

13. Form
In non-defining relative clauses we put a comma before and after the main clause.
We use the relative pronouns who, which, whose, where and when in non-defining relative clauses. THE RELATIVE PRONOUN CANNOT BE OMITTED.
Mark Smith, who lives next door to us, plays in a band.

14. DEFINING AND NON DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
THAT
WHO
WHICH
WHERE
WHEN
WHOSE
NO COMMAS
CAN BE OMMITED

15. LET’S MAKE THESE SENTENCES
- “Peter is the student”+ “He comes from Glasgow”:
“Peter is the student WHO comes from Glasgow”.
- “The books are on the table” + “They are mine”:
“The books WHICH are on the table are mine”.
- “I’ve just met Tom” + “Tom seems to be a nice guy”: “I’ve just met Tom, WHO seems to be a nice guy”
“I’d love to visit London”+ “It is a beautiful city”:
“I’d love to visit London, WHICH is a beatiful city”
LET’S MAKE THESE SENTENCES

16. COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
SOMEWHERE SOMEBODY/SOMEONE SOMETHING
I know SOMEONE in London
Would you like SOMETHING to eat?
ANYWHERE ANYBODY/ANYONE ANYTHING
- I don’t want to go ANYWHERE this weekend
- Does ANYONE know Jane Smith? +
- And ¿?