1. Discovery of DNA and DNA Structure
Deoxyribonucleic Acid pp

2. DNA Stores and transmits genetic information to make proteins
Made up of repeating units of nucleotides

3. Griffith’s Experiments
Showed that hereditary material can pass from one cell to another

4. Avery’s Experiments
Showed that DNA is the hereditary material that transfers information between bacterial cells.

5. Hershey-Chase Experiment
Confirmed that DNA, and not protein, is the hereditary material.

6. Watson and Crick & Franklin
Determined the shape of DNA to be a double helix

7. Location Prokaryotes: floats in cytoplasm
Eukaryotes: wrapped around proteins in the nucleus

8. DNA Structure Nucleotides have three parts: Deoxyribose Sugar
Phosphate Group
Base

10. Complementary Base Pairing
Purine bonds to Pyrimidine
A bonds to T
G bonds to C

11. DNA Bases Purines: Two-ringed bases Pyrimidines: One-ringed Bases
Adenine and Guanine
Pyrimidines: One-ringed Bases
Thymine and Cytosine

12. DNA Bonds
Two strands (at the bases) are held together by weak hydrogen bonds.
The sugar phosphate backbone is held together by covalent bonds

13. Double helix: DNA is double-stranded and coiled like a spiral staircase.
Backbone is like the railing and the bases are the steps.