1. Leader of the CCP, Red Army, and Chairman of Communist China 1949-1976
Mao Zedong
Leader of the CCP, Red Army, and Chairman of Communist China

2. The Life of Mao Zedong: Childhood
1875
1893
1907
1910

3. The Life of Mao Zedong: School Years
1911
1913
1919
1920

4. The Life of Mao Zedong: Political Involvement & early days of the CCP
1921
1923

5. “Power comes from the barrel of a gun”

6. The Life of Mao Zedong: Revolutionary
1925
"Revolution is not a dinner party, nor an essay, nor a painting, nor a piece of embroidery; it cannot be so refined, so leisurely and gentle, so temperate, kind, courteous, restrained and noble. A revolution is an insurrection, an act of violence by which one class overthrows another."
— Mao, February 1927

7. The Life of Mao Zedong: CCP Leadership
1927
1928
1929
Mao in 1927: his “political coming-of-age”

8. Mao as Red Army leader
Mao’s Six-Step Plan for Revolutionary Warfare
Mao on Guerrilla Warfare
“The enemy advances, we retreat; the enemy halts, we harass; the enemy tires, we attack; the enemy retreats, we pursue.”
Setting up base areas
Organization phase
Defending the bases
Guerrilla phase
Protracted war
Seizing power

9. 1934: The Long March

10. 1935: United Front & Sino-Japanese War

11. Mao liked to rule from bed; often summoning his colleagues from their own beds in the middle of the night

12. Swimming in the Yangtze

13. 1945: Breakup of the United Front & 2nd Stage of Chinese Civil War

14. Mao as Leader of China
1946
1949

15. Mao as Leader of China

16. Mao as leader of China

17. 1951: Three Anti-Campaign
Goal: rid urban areas of corruption by targeting wealthy capitalists and political opponents
Three “antis:”
Corruption
Waste
Bureaucracy
Aimed at members within the CCP, former GMD members and bureaucratic officials who were not party members.
Became an all out war against the middle/upper classes  “Do not be corrupted by capitalist thinking!”

18. Agriculture/Industrial Reform
1953: First Five-Year Plan
Goal: End Chinese dependence on agriculture by introducing industrialization (success…kind of…)
1958: End to private ownership = Forced collectivization & “Great Leap Forward”

19. Great Leap Forward
Goal: rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy into a communist society through rapid industrialization and collectivization
The hope was to industrialize by making use of the massive supply of cheap labor and avoid having to import heavy machinery.

20. Realize the simultaneous development of industry and agriculture – People’s Communes are Good (1960)

21. The communes are good, the people are numerous, the natural resources abundant, it is easy to develop a diversified economy (1960)

22. Rapid Industrialization
Mao saw grain and steel as main source of economic development
1958: steel production would double each year
21 million jobs added (urban population swelled)
Produced in backyard steel furnaces
Material shortages and no increase in output
By 1961, a looming deficit caused Mao to cut funding by 82%
Countryside residents were often forced to work at night to produce steel

24. Great Leap Forward
“Coercion, terror, and systematic violence were the very foundation of the Great Leap Forward" and it "motivated one of the most deadly mass killings of human history.”
Dutch Historian & author of Mao’s Great Famine, Frank Dikötter

25. Effects of the Great Leap Forward
Increased oppression due to enforcement by struggle sessions, torture & forced labor
30-45 million deaths
1960: The Great Chinese Famine
Failure caused Mao to initiate the Cultural Revolution in 1966

26. Mao as Leader of China
"People who try to commit suicide — don't attempt to save them! . . . China is such a populous nation, it is not as if we cannot do without a few people”

28. Cultural Revolution Goals:
Destroy the “four olds:” old customs, old culture, old habits, old ideas
Purge the “revisionists” who Mao viewed as attempting to restore capitalist/bourgeois rule

30. Death of Mao

31. Death of Mao

32. Mao’s Last Dancer A drama based on the autobiography by Li Cunxin.
At the age of 11, Li was plucked from a poor Chinese village by Madame Mao's “cultural delegates” and taken to Beijing to study ballet.
Li was politically devout; even joined the CCP’s Youth League.
In 1979, during a cultural exchange to Texas, he fell in love with an American woman.
Two years later, he managed to defect and went on to perform as a principal dancer for the Houston Ballet and the Australian Ballet.

33. It’s the season of “love” So why not express that love…. of history…
It’s the season of “love” So why not express that love….of history….with a poem?!?!?! 
Poem Requirements
Leader Choices
Must be at least five stanzas
Must directly reference three (minimum) policies or actions
Must be full of love! 
Due Monday! 20 points!
Stalin
Mussolini
Galtieri
Thatcher
Tojo
Mao
Ben Bella or Fehrat Abbas
De Gaulle
Roosevelt

34. Lin Biao; Mao’s chosen successor

35. Accounts of Struggle Sessions
“... the Cultural Revolution began and I was transferred to another labor camp.... Two years after I had been in this new camp, I received a parcel from my family. Immediately, an inmate accused me of giving something out of it to another prisoner. I was dragged to the office. Without any investigation, the officer assembled the entire camp to start a struggle session against me. In the session the officer suddenly asked me whether I had committed my alleged original crime leading to my 8-year sentence. I was stunned. It then dawned on me that this session was in fact prearranged. The parcel was only a pretense. Their real motive was once again to force me to admit all my alleged crimes. "I did not commit any crimes," I asserted firmly. Immediately two people jumped on me and cut off half of my hair. The officer screamed again: "Are you guilty?" I replied firmly again, "No." Two people then used a rope to tie my hands back tightly. It was connected to a loop around my shoulder and underneath my armpits. It was knotted in such a way that a slight movement of my hands would cause intense pain. This struggle session lasted for two hours. Afterwards, they untied me and handcuffed me instead. The handcuffs became a part of me for the next one hundred days and nights....”
You Xiaoli was standing, precariously balanced, on a stool. Her body was bent over from the waist into a right angle, and her arms, elbows stiff and straight, were behind her back, one hand grasping the other at the wrist. It was the position known as "doing the airplane." Around her neck was a heavy chain, and attached to the chain was a blackboard, a real blackboard, one that had been removed from a classroom at the university where You Xiaoli, for more than ten years, had served as a full professor. On both sides of the blackboard were chalked her name and the myriad crimes she was alleged to have committed.... The scene was taking place at the university, too, in a sports field at one of China's most prestigious institutions of higher learning. In the audience were You Xiaoli's students and colleagues and former friends. Workers from local factories and peasants from nearby communes had been bused in for the spectacle. From the audience came repeated, rhythmic chants.... "Down with You Xiaoli! Down with You Xiaoli!“
"I had many feelings at that struggle session," recalls You Xiaoli. "I thought there were some bad people in the audience. But I also thought there were many ignorant people, people who did not understand what was happening, so I pitied that kind of person. They brought workers and peasants into the meetings, and they could not understand what was happening. But I was also angry."

36. BELLWORK List four results of the CCW for China.
How did the victory of the CCP affect Mao’s relationship with Stalin?
How did the victory of the CCP affect China’s relationship with the US?
The US viewed Stalin as the mastermind behind the CCP – to what extent do you agree with this?
THINKER: TOK TIME! Read pg. 264  Can a contemporary poem or song give us a better understanding of an historical event than a contemporary diary or journalist's report?