1. Protists and FUNGi
Chapter 8

2. What are Protists?
Lesson 1

3. Protists share characteristics with:
Plants
Animals
Fungi
But they don’t fit into any of those kingdoms!
What are protists?
A protist is a member of a group of eukaryotic organisms, which have a membrane-bound nucleus

4. Reproduction Most reproduce Asexually Some reproduce Sexually
Offspring are exact copies of parent
Some reproduce Sexually
Offspring are genetically different from parents

5. Classification of Protists

6. Plantlike protists Diatoms: Plantlike protest with a hard outer wall
Very common

7. Plantlike protist Dinoflagellates: Uses Flagella to move
Some glow in the dark due to chemical reactions

8. Plantlike protists Euglenoids Use flagellum to move
Have a Pellicle, a rigid, rubbery cell coat
Have eyespots to detect light
Contain chloroplasts to make their own food

9. Plantlike protists Volvox Algae: Can unicellular or multicellular
Classified as, red, green, or brown depending on pigments
Volvox is many cells work together to form a large sphere. To move they beat their flagella in unison.
Unicellular or multicellular?
Volvox

10. Animal-like protists Amoeba Protozoans: Ciliates: Flagellates:
Contain Cilia
Flagellates:
Contains Flagella
Sarcodines:
Have no specific shape (blobs)
Amoeba
Amoeba

11. Funguslike Protists Slime and Water Molds:
Composed of cell material and nuclei floating in a slimy mass
Water molds can cause diseases in plants

12. What are fungi?
Lesson 2

13. What are fungi? There are an estimated 1.5 Million species of Fungi
Hyphae:
Fungi form long, threadlike structures that grown into large tangles, usually underground
Hyphae absorb minerals and water
Hyphae create a network called the mycelium
Fungi are Heterotrophs:
Fungi dissolve their food by releasing chemicals that decompose organic matter

14. Types of fungi Club Fungi Sac Fungi Zygote Fungi Named for shape
Include Mushrooms, puffballs, stinkhorns, and bird’s nest fungi.
Sac Fungi
Causes bread dough to rise and Diaper rash
Zygote Fungi
Can cause bread to develop mold

15. Importance of fungi Decomposers:
Break down dead plant and animal matter
Fungi will also help break down pollution, including pesticides, in soil.
Without Fungi, dead organisms and pollution would build up in the environment

16. Health and medicine Fungi can be used to make important medicines
Antibiotics, such as penicillin are made from fungi
Alexander Fleming accidentally made the first antibiotic while experimenting with 1928
Spores accidentally contaminated his experiment.

17. Importance of Lichens: What are lichens?
Many animals survive in harsh conditions by eating lichens that grow there
Plants benefit from lichens because fungi help break down rocks and create soil
What are lichens?
Lichen:
A structure formed when fungi and certain other photosynthetic organisms grow together