1. EDTHP /28/02 This Week
Continue with the Education System of the U.S.
Educational Philosophies and Pioneers
Schooling After the Common School Era, 1860s-1890s
Education During the Progressive Era, 1890s-1940s

2. Actors in the U.S. Education System
Students
Parents and Community
Teachers
Principals
Superintendents
Chief State School Officer
State Board of Education
Governor
President

3. Agencies in the U.S. System
Classroom
School
District
Intermediate District/County
State Department of Education
U.S. Department of Education

4. Philosophies of Education
Idealism
Realism
Pragmatism
Existentialism

5. Developing Your Own Philosophy of Education
Which philosophies or theories are most similar to my own beliefs?
Which element of each philosophy or theory appeals to me the most?
Which element of each is least appealing?
Am I comfortable with the instructional ideas suggested by a philosophy or theory?

6. Theories of Education Progressivism Social Reconstructionism
Critical Theory
Perennialism
Essentialism

7. Key Accomplishments of Educational Pioneers (Part 1) [Note: we hadn’t finished this in the previous class, so we discussed and reviewed this]
Comenius: First picture book for learning, the Orbis Sensualum Pictus, or The Visible World in Pictures
John Locke: Introduced the concept of a child’s mind as a tabula rasa, or blank slate

8. Key Accomplishments of Educational Pioneers (Part 2)
Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Revolted against the theory of child depravity, that children are inherently bad. Contended in Emile, that children, instead, are ‘noble savages,’ until corrupted by society.
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi: The object lesson, a way to encourage Rousseau’s “natural education” for children in groups.

9. Key Accomplishments of Educational Pioneers (Part 3)
Friedrich Froebel: Kindergarten
Herbert Spencer: Utilitarian education, emphasizing practical outcomes
John Dewey: Progressive education, emphasizing problem solving
Jane Addams: Socialized education, with emphasis on responding to student diversity

10. Key Accomplishments of Educational Pioneers (Part 4)
Maria Montessori: Montessori education, structuring the environment to accommodate children’s natural desire to work at learning
Piaget: Developmentally-appropriate education, based on children’s stage of cognitive development