1. Typhoon Haiyan/Yolanda, 8 Nov 2014
A Case Study on
Humanitarian Civil-Military Coordination

2. Super Typhoon “YOLANDA” with international name “HAIYAN”
Max sustained winds of 320kph
Gustiness of up to 360 kph
Heavy rains
Super Typhoon “YOLANDA” with international name “HAIYAN”

3. NOV 13 (WED)
NOV 13 (THU)
NOV 13 (FRI)
NOV 13 (SAT)
NOV 13 (SUN)
YOLANDA
NOV 13 (FRI)
Very strong WINDS and heavy RAINS were sustained for about four (4) hours

4. Context Large area affected First responders affected
4 domestic administrative layers
Prepositioned relief
Preparedness measures in place
Disaster response law in place
20+ weather disturbances per year

5. Challenges Finding coordination space Finding local partners
Communication
Accommodation
Food
Staff well-being
Safety and Security
Health

6. All you can imagine
1x Pathfinder (USN Bowditch);
1x LPD (Denver);

7. Foreign Military Assets

9. Overlay with foreign military assets (FMA)
Peak round 20 November
‘boots on the ground’ vs. relief FMA relief flights
Mostly bilateral deployment
Multinational Coordination Centre (MNCC) established in Manila

10. FMA overlay with UN-CMCoord Deployment
8 dedicated UN-CMCoord officers
3 emphasis
Operational/capital level
Logistics
Tactical/provincial level

11. Diverse Decision Making Process
Commander
National Civilian Authority of the FMA
HQ back home

12. Civil-Military Effectiveness related to military decision-making processes and the coordination strategy aiming at optimising:
support to the affected population
support to humanitarian needs and priorities
speed of critical relief delivery
and minimising:
Competition & inconsistency

13. Request for Assistance

14. Capacity and Availability Multinational Military Tasking
Proposed RFA Process Flow on the Use of Foreign Military
and Civil Defence Assets (MCDA), Philippines, TY Yolanda, 2013
Formulate
Identified Needs
Cluster lead or designated reps will endorse/ certify request as cluster priority 48 hrs before
Validation by
Clusters
Receive, log, clarify/ determine if civilian capacity is available; if yes, Log Cluster rep provides coordinating instructions directly with requesting party
If not, request is forwarded to MNCC
Humanitarian
Capacity and Availability
MNCC gets request from Log Cluster
Request is traded on the floor where Liaison Officers (LNOs) indicate availability and willingness to perform the task(s)
Multinational Military Tasking
Military LOs coordinate directly with requesting party for planning of implementation
Provides feedback to the MNCC upon completion of the task ; reports observations/issues identified during the execution of the task(s)
Military
Providers
Request by humanitarian organisations for use of MCDA will go through the relevant cluster 72 hrs before requested time
Logistics Cluster
Multinational Coordination Centre (MNCC)

15. Virtual OSOCC
First 2 to 4 weeks

16.
Check-in desk for humanitarian aid workers
Coordination hubs
Contacts
Who does what where? (WWW)
Maps

17. UN-CMCoord and Logistics
Logistics cluster in the lead
Co-lead/managed by the military
Logistics Transparency
What do we think?

18.
Predictable logistics

19. Best Information

20. UN-CMCoord at the tactical level
Colocation in Cebu, Roxas, and Tacloban
Liaison visits in Manila, Guiuan and Ormoc
Direct assignment of foreign military contingents to government departments/ministries

21. Good Practice
Co-location in Roxas

22. Donors and FMA Think culture Think beneficiary Think consequences
Think twice, three times before using military assets to fly VIPs

23. Visibility Media coverage Who influences who?
Focus on main supply roads
Disaster management knowledge of journalists
‘Combat Camera’ deployed 40 teams
U.S. Marine Corps deployed with organic combat camera capability
Centre for Excellence in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistance

24. Typhoon Haiyan UN-CMCoord After Action Review, 10-12 Mar 2014

25. Recommendations 1
Establish a humanitarian civil-military coordination mechanisms at national level to:
Assist/inform NDRRMC (NDMA) and the clusters to have and share a common situational awareness.
Prioritise use of MCDA in supporting humanitarian priorities.

26. Recommendations 2
Institutionalize a humanitarian civil-military coordination capacity in domestic and international rapid response mechanisms to:
optimise interaction and interoperability to feed into a common situational awareness.
contribute to an informed decision and response
facilitate integration with ongoing response.

27. Deploy with competent liaison officers to:
Recommendations 3
Deploy with competent liaison officers to:
share knowledge about capabilities and limitations
Improve communication efficiency and effectiveness
Match capabilities with needs

28. Recommendations 4
Adopt a co-location strategy (as appropriate) for humanitarian civil-military-police coordination to:
level off understanding;
increase hum civil-military coordination efficiency
enhance deliberate planning, rapid coordination, cooperation , prioritization and decision making based on needs;
maximize communication and information sharing:
optimize utilization of unique.

29. Establish a simple transparent tracking system to:
Recommendations 5
Establish a simple transparent tracking system to:
provide overview of relief items
control direct ground time
keep the national and subnational level informed about air transport
contribute to the situation awareness of the humanitarian community
de-conflict with civil aviation

30. Recommendations 6 Invest in Humanitarian Civ-Mil Capacity Building to:
improve interoperability (ability to work together)
increase mutual understanding
achieve/strengthen unity of effort

31. Ronaldo Reario Thank You UN-CMCoord Officer
Haiyan (Yolanda) Typhoon Response Operation
Civil-Military Coordination Section (CMCS)
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
Thank You