1. State Benchmark
SC.6.L.15.1 Analyze and describe how and why organisms are classified according to shared characteristics with emphasis on the Linnaean system combined with the concept of Domains. High

2. Warm Up Why do scientists classify and organize living organisms?
Because animals need to know which group they belong to
To note similarities and differences in different organisms and to avoid confusion when studying them
To keep a list of all organisms currently living on earth
Because animals need to have similar names, but plants could have multiple names

3. Day One Agenda
Benchmark Break ↓
Linnaean System + Domains
Domain Archaea
Domain Bacteria
Domain Eukarya

4. Benchmark Break ↓
SC.6.L.15.1 Analyze and describe how and why organisms are classified according to shared characteristics with emphasis on the Linnaean system combined with the concept of Domains. High
Rewrite…
KNOW: The properties of the 3 domains and 4 of the kingdoms. The order of the hierarchy of classification. “Binomial Nomenclature”
DO: Classify organisms into domains/kingdoms and ID their properties. Place the levels (Domain, Kingdom, etc) in order from least to most specific.

5. Linnean System + Domains
Domain: the highest classification in the taxonomy of life
Domain Archaea
Domain Bacteria
Domain Eukarya

6. Domain Archaea Archaea is latin for OLD! (Oldest Life)
Prokaryote = NO Nucleus! / Single Celled
Found in EXTREME environments where no other life can exist:
Salty
High heat
Acidic
EXAMPLE: Halobacteria can
live in extremely salty conditions.

7. Domain Bacteria Found as Rods/Spheres/Spirals
Prokaryote = NO Nucleus! / Single- Celled
Found (almost) everywhere on Earth
EXAMPLE: E. Coli is a
potentially harmful strain

8. Domain Eukarya Most species of life are in this domain.
Eukaryotic= has a nucleus and organelles.
All organisms you can see are in this domain.
Divided up into KINGDOMS (you need to know these four):
Protist
Fungi
Animal
Plant

9. Protist Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plant Kingdom Animal Kingdom
Day Two Agenda
Protist Kingdom
Fungi Kingdom
Plant Kingdom
Animal Kingdom
Turn and Talk

10. Domain= Eukarya Kingdom=Protista
(Mostly) Single Celled Eukaryotic Organisms
Eukaryotic= has nucleus and organelles.
Energy by photosynthesis or nutrients.
Can have plant-like, animal-like protists.
EXAMPLES: Slime Mold, Amoeba

11. Domain= Eukarya Kingdom=Fungi
Single/Multicellular
Eukaryotic, has a cell wall.
Nutrients from decaying matter.
EXAMPLES:
Mold
Mushrooms

12. Domain= Eukarya Kingdom=Plantae
Multicellular Eukaryotic Organisms
Has a cell wall.
Makes own food = PHOTOSYNTHESIS
EXAMPLES:
Trees
Moss
Ferns

13. Domain= Eukarya Kingdom=Animalia
Multicellular Eukaryotic Organisms
No cell wall.
HETEROTROPHS= must eat other things for food.
EXAMPLES:
Humans
Insects
Birds
Fish

14. Think-Turn-Talk
Sponges are organisms that are found in fresh and salt water. They do not have organs to sense their environment. They filter organisms from the water for their nutrients. Based on this information, to which kingdom to sponges belong? JUSTIFY.

15. Order of Hierarchy Genus/Species What is a species? Domains Summary
Day Three Agenda
Order of Hierarchy
Genus/Species
What is a species?
Domains Summary
Species Summary

16. Least Specific Traits Most Specific Traits
Order of The Hierarchy
Least Specific Traits Most Specific Traits

17. Genus and Species: Human Cat Dog Horse
These are the two most specific classifications.
The genus and species make up an organism’s “binomial nomenclature” (two-part scientific name)
Common Name
Genus Name
Species Name
Scientific Name
Human
“Homo”
“sapien”
Homo sapien
Cat
“Felis”
“catis”
Felis catis
Dog
“Canis”
“familiaris”
Canis familiaris
Horse
“Equus”
“caballus”
Equus caballus

18. What is a Species?
Species can only SUCCESSFULLY (def= make fertile offspring) mate with members of their same species.
Ex:
Gray wolves are Canis lupis
Dogs are Canis familiaris
They can try as much as they like, these two members of the SAME genus cannot successfully mate.

19. Domains Review (Write this down):

20. Kingdoms Review (Write this down)
Single/Multi-Celled

21. Mini-Quiz Question #1
What is the main benefit of using scientific names instead of common names for organisms?
Scientific names have been around for much longer than common names have.
Scientific names give everyone a shared terminology while common names can vary around the world.
Scientific names include a code for classification while common names do not.
Scientific names are more descriptive than common names for an organism.

22. Mini-Quiz#2
A biologist discovers a new organism. What helps the biologist classify the new organism into a specific group?
how long the organism lives
where the organism lives
common traits with other organisms
how recently the organism was discovered

24. Mini-Quiz #3
Scientists have discovered a new species of spider that makes a “decoy” (fake) spider so that it can sneak up and eat its prey. Into which domain and kingdom does this new spider species belong? JUSTIFY!

25. Mini-Quiz #4
1. The system of biological classification used today is based on the Linnaean system, developed by Swedish biologist Carolus Linnaeus. This system distinguishes all plants, animals, and other life forms using a two-name system. Which of the following correctly describes this two-name system? A. The first name describes the structure of an organism, and the second name describes its life cycle. B. The first name describes the larger group the organism belongs to, and the second name describes a smaller group. C. The first name describes the external structure of the organism, and the second name describes the internal structure. D. The first name describes a group of similar organisms, and the second name describes an organism’s extinct ancestors.

26. Mini-Quiz #5
Blue-green algae belong to the same Linnaean kingdom as bacteria. Which of the following characteristics do these organisms have in common?
They cause disease.
They are prokaryotic.
They are autotrophs.
They are multicellular

27. Mini-Quiz #6
A scientist claims that birds and insects are closely related. She wants to use the Linnaean classification system to support her claim. Which of the following presents the most convincing evidence that her classification is incorrect according to the Linnaean system?
A. Insects and animals look different.
B. Birds and insects use their wings to fly.
C. Bird wings are stronger than insect wings.
D. Bird wings and insect wings have different structures.

28. Mini-Quiz #7
In Kingdom Animalia, there is a wide variety of organisms such as humans, reptiles, fish, birds, insects and mammals. These organisms are different from each other in many ways. Why would scientists classify all of these organisms into the same kingdom? A. They are parasites B. They are unicellular C. They are prokaryotes D. They are heterotrophs

29. Mini-Quiz #8
The diagram below shows a single-celled organism with many organelles but no cell wall.
In which of the following categories would the organism most likely be classified?
A. Animalia C. Fungi
B. Eubacteria D. Protista

30. Mini-Quiz #9
The Dead Sea is an extreme environment in the Middle East that contains high levels of salt. Not many organisms live in these conditions, so scientists were surprised to discover a single-celled organism that was living off the nutrients in the water. How would scientist classify this organism?
Domain Animalia
Domain Bacteria
Domain Archaea
Domain Eukarya

31. Mini-Quiz #10
What is the main benefit of using scientific names instead of common names for organisms?
Scientific names give everyone shared terminology while common names can vary
Scientific names have been around for much longer than common names have
Scientific names include a code for classification while common names do not
Scientific names are more descriptive than common names for an organism