1. Wind turbines
Presented by Mr. Doig

2. Energy Classification
Renewable Energy
Non Renewable Energy
Solar
Hydro
Wind
Coal
Oil
Natural gas
Nuclear
Ask questions:
What does Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy mean to you?
Which makes up more – renewable or nonrenewable? Get approximations from audience as to ball park percentages
Source: Ontario Power Generation

3. This was energy consumption in 2006
This was energy consumption in Notice that Wind Power isn’t even up here. It would be grouped in “other renewables”. But, Wind Power production is on the rise

4. This graphic shows 2 things: the megawattage produced by province, and total produced by the country from 2000 – 2009`

5. All images taken from Google Images
Wind Turbine Designs
All images taken from Google Images

6. Charles Brush Wind Turbine
Winter 1887 – Ohio, US. Professor Charles F. Brush builds a 12kW wind turbine to charge 408 batteries stored in the cellar of his mansion. The turbine, which ran for 20 years, had a rotor diameter of 50m and 144 rotor blades.

7. Traditional Design
1890s – Askov, Denmark. Scientist Poul la Cour begins his wind turbine tests in a bid to bring electricity to the rural population of Denmark. In 1903, Poul la Cour founded the Society of Wind Electricians and in 1904 the society held the first course in wind electricity. La Cour was the first to discover that fast rotating wind turbines with fewer rotor blades were most efficient in generating electricity production.
1931 – Yalta, former USSR A precursor to the modern horizontal wind generator is used in Yalta, generating 100kW. The turbine has a 30m tower (CN Tower = 533 m) and a 32% load factor, meaning it provides 32% of its potential energy output, pretty good even by today's standards.
1956 – Gedser, Denmark The Gedser wind turbine is built by Johannes Juul, a former student of Poul la Cour. The 200kW, three-bladed turbine inspired many later turbine designs, and Juul's invention - emergency aerodynamic tip breaks – is still used in turbines today. The turbine operated until 1967 and was refurbished in the mid 1970s at the request of Nasa.

8. Broadstar Wind Turbine

9. Loopwing Design

11. Vertical Design
1920s The first vertical axis wind turbine, the Darrieus turbine, is invented by Frenchman George Darrieus who in 1931 has it patented in the US. The design, often referred to as the "eggbeater windmill", due to the appearance of its two or three blades, is still used today.

12. Highway Wind Turbine

13. Wind Farm in Palm Springs, CA
1980 – New Hampshire, US The world's first windfarm consisting of 20 turbines is built in New Hampshire. The windfarm however, is a failure as the turbines break down and the developers overestimate the wind resource.

14. Off Shore Wind Farm
1991 – Vindeby, Denmark The first offshore windfarm is created in Vindeby, in the southern part of Denmark. The windfarm consists of kW turbines.

15. The science of it all... Experiment Design contest Control variables
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Challengers try to optimize all variables (within certain parameters) to achieve the best results for the target quantity
Talk about the 3 types of variables

16. The Challenge
Within the remaining time, you and your group are to design a set of blades to complete a wind turbine to harness the most amount of wind energy.
You only get one chance to test your blades. Once connected, we will test them for 15 seconds and take your maximum reading.

17. Vocabulary Current (I) = the rate of flow of charges within a circuit
Voltage = the amount of energy each charge has
AC = Alternating current
DC = Direct current
Motor = something that uses electrical energy
Generator = something that harnesses energy and converts it to electrical energy

18. Materials Masking tape
Wooden dowels – to be given out after you cut out your blades
Cardboard – please only take what you need
Scissors – one per group

19. Parameters Only use the permitted materials
Everyone uses the same wind source
The wind source will be a fixed distance away
You must use the dowels to attach your blades to the rotor
You can have 1 – 12 blades

20. Testing your results
Once you attach your blades to complete the turbine, your output voltage will be measured using a multimeter. Your goal is to have the highest reading.

21. The Challenge Materials
Within the remaining time, you and your group are to design a set of blades to complete a wind turbine to harness the most amount of wind energy.
Masking tape
Wooden dowels
Cardboard
Parameters
Testing your results
Only use the permitted materials
Everyone uses the same wind source
The wind source will be a fixed distance away
You must use the dowels to attach your blades to the rotor
You can have 1 – 12 blades
Once you attach your blades to complete the turbine, your output voltage will be measured using a multimeter. Your goal is to have the highest reading.