1. Phenol Subject:-OC & UP(2130501)
S.S. AGRAWAL INSTITUTE OF
ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
A presentation on:
Phenol Subject:-OC & UP( )
Prepared By:
Sr No.
NAME
ENROLLMENT NO. 1
Dhaduk Anirudh 2
Dhameliya Parth 3
Godhani Harshad 4
Chamadiya Yogesh
BE – II SEM – III
Branch – Chemical Engineering

2. What is phenol? Phenol is an aromatic alcohol. The formula is C6H5OH
It has a sweet smell.
It is sparingly soluble in water.
It is extremely corrosive and causes white blisters on the skin.

3. Nomenclature.
Phenols are usually named as substituted phenols. The methylphenols are given the special name, cresols. Some other phenols are named as hydroxy compounds.

4. physical properties phenols are polar and can hydrogen bond.
phenols are water insoluble.
phenols are stronger acids than water and will dissolve in 5% NaOH.
phenols are weaker acids than carbonic acid and do not dissolve in 5% NaHCO3.

5. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution
The –OH group is a powerful activating group in EAS and an ortho/para director.
a) nitration

6. b) halogenation

7. c) sulfonation
At low temperature the reaction is non-reversible and the lower Eact ortho-product is formed (rate control).
At high temperature the reaction is reversible and the more stable para-product is formed (kinetic control).

8. d) Friedel-Crafts alkylation.

9. e) Friedel-Crafts acylation

10. nitrosation

11. USE OF PHENOL
Several commercial compounds are synthesized from a precursor containing phenol .
Phenol is included in the production of plywood , ear and nose drops and disinfectants .
Phenol are widely used as an antiseptic and disinfectant in several mouthwash , deodorant,lotion and soap.
They also used in manufacturing of drugs like aspirin,salo , phenacetin,salicylic acid etc.
Phenol used in manufacturing of resins like bakalite which used in manufacturing of electrical goods like plugs and switches etc.
The nitro derivatie of phenol like 2,4,6-trinitrophenol(picric acid) used to make explosives and dyeing wool and silk.
Phenols also used in preparation of other chemicals like; azo dyes, phenolphthalein and Cyclohexane.