1. ASSESSMENT OF CORRECTIVE MEASURES PUBLIC MEETING
York County Class 2&3 Landfills
Permits # & #
Thursday, November 9, 2017
York County Fire Training Facility
2500 McFarland Road , York, SC

2. MEETING OVERVIEW Presentation: Public comments relevant to the ACM:
Regulatory Background
Corrective Measures Assessment Process
Site-specific Findings
Selection of Remedy
The Next Steps
Public comments relevant to the ACM:
Written comments will be accepted until Thursday, November 23 , 2017

3. MEETING PURPOSE
To discuss the results of the Assessment of Corrective Measures (ACM) conducted for the York County Landfill, in accordance with the South Carolina Solid Waste Regulations
R Part V Subpart E d

4. WHAT IS THE PROCESS when there is confirmed groundwater impact from a landfill ?
Nature and Extent Determination
Risk Assessment
Assessment of Corrective Measures (ACM)
Selection of Remedy
SC Solid Waste Regulations require an ACM be initiated whenever there are confirmed exceedances of GPS.

5. NATURE AND EXTENT Nature of the Contamination:
Identify the contaminants, their source, & their characteristics.
Extent of the Contamination:
How far and how deep has it migrated?
What paths is it following?
Where is it expected to go?
Groundwater Assessment Plan (GAP)
Historical Groundwater data
Field Investigations
Geology, Hydrology, Geophysics

6. WHAT IS AN ACM?
An analysis of the effectiveness of potential corrective measures in meeting the cleanup goal for the site.
The cleanup goal is to attain concentrations below the groundwater protection standards.
ACM Steps to Exclude or Retain Options:
Screening of Technologies & Process Options;
Screening of Specific Remedies within Retained Options;
Detailed Assessment of Retained Remedies; and
Recommendation for Selected Remedy.

7. SC DHEC ACM CRITERIA
For each remedial alternative, the ACM must consider:
Performance
Reliability
Ease of implementation
Potential impacts:
Safety impacts
Cross-media impacts
Control of exposure to chemicals
Time required to begin and complete the remedy
Cost of the remedy implementation
Institutional requirements:
Federal, state, and local permit requirements
Other public health requirements that may affect the implementation of the remedy

8. SITE AREAS OF CONCERN Current, Ongoing Corrective Action:
The Lake Area (MNA & Control of LFG)
New Areas of Concern:
The GAP Area (between the Landfill and Travis Acres)
The MW-7 Area (to be added to the Lake Area CAP)
Lake Area & MW-7 Area are considered low-risk due to the fact that there are no human receptors within or downgradient of the plume.
GAP Area is considered high-risk due to impacted residential wells within or downgradient of the plume.

10. SITE AREAS OF CONCERN Current, Ongoing Corrective Action:
The Lake Area (MNA & Control of LFG)
New Areas of Concern:
The GAP Area (between the Landfill and Travis Acres)
The MW-7 Area (to be added to the Lake Area CAP)

11. GAP Area 1,1-DCA in Fractured Bedrock Goals: Protect Residents
Reduce Concentrations
Control Migration
Constituents of Concern
GPS
Source
1,1-Dichloroethane (1,1-DCA)
2.8 µg/l
RSL
Tetrachloroethene (PCE)
5 µg/l
MCL

12. GAP AREA ACM

13. GAP AREA ACM

14. GAP AREA ACM

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17. GAP AREA ACM

18. GAP AREA ACM

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21. GAP AREA ACM

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23. GAP AREA ACM

24. GAP AREA ACM

25. GAP AREA ACM Alternative 1 – In Situ Enhanced Bioremediation
Accelerates the natural biodegradation process by injection of nutrients, electron acceptors, and/or microorganisms.
Difficult to get efficient contact with contaminants in fractured bedrock.
Due to continuing source, reinjections will be needed quarterly.

26. GAP AREA ACM
Alternative 2 – In Situ Emulsified Zero-Valent Iron (EZVI)
EZVI is composed of food-grade surfactant, biodegradable vegetable oil, water, and nano- or micro-scale iron particles.
EZVI is injected into the aquifer to promote degradation of the COCs.
Difficult to get efficient contact with contaminants in fractured bedrock.
Due to continuing source, reinjections will be needed semiannually.

27. GAP AREA ACM Alternative 3 – Groundwater Extraction with
Pre-Treatment and On Site Discharge (Pump and Treat – P&T)
Installation of extraction wells, pumps, piping, holding tank, treatment building, and aeration pond.
Ex situ Treatment: Multi-tray air stripper.
Disposal: Land application by discharge to a spray aeration pond.
Will prevent future migration toward Travis Acres.

28. ESTIMATED COSTS FOR REMEDIAL ALTERNATIVES

29. GAP AREA ACM

30. GAP AREA PROPOSED REMEDY
Groundwater Extraction with
Pre-Treatment and On-Site Discharge (Pump and Treat – P&T)
The most protective of human health.
The only technology capable of controlling migration of the plume toward the Travis Acres neighborhood.
Proven technology in fractured bedrock aquifers.
High initial capital cost but moderate O&M costs make this option more cost-effective over the long-term.

31. Proposed P&T System

32. SITE AREAS OF CONCERN Current, Ongoing Corrective Action:
The Lake Area (MNA & Control of LFG)
New Areas of Concern:
The GAP Area (between the Landfill and Travis Acres)
The MW-7 Area (to be added to the Lake Area CAP)

33. MW-7 Area RISK: Low PCE in Groundwater
Only one COC in exceedance of GPS. Groundwater flow toward landfill, not toward potential receptors.
MW-33, MW-51, Langrum Branch Baptist Church well, & Bus Terminal Well = ND.
Believed to be due to partitioning of VOCs from LFG to GW, as in the Lake Area.
Constituent of Concern
GPS
Source
Tetrachloroethene (PCE)
5 µg/l
MCL

34. MW-7 AREA Proposed Remedy
Incorporate the MW-7 Area into the existing Corrective Action for the Lake Area:
Monitored Natural Attenuation and Control of Landfill Gas

35. NEXT STEPS
York County will receive written public comments over the next 14 days, and will then address all relevant comments.
JOYCE will finalize the ACM and Corrective Action Plan (CAP) and submit it to DHEC.
Upon DHEC approval of the ACM/CAP, York County will implement the selected remedy.

36. York County Landfill ACM
Submit Written Comments
by November 23, 2017 to:
Eric Rekitt, Director
York County Public Works
220 Public Works Rd.
York, SC
Phone: (803)
DHEC Project Manager: Larry Leblang
Phone: (803)