1. Illustrating the bonding of Sodium and Chlorine
Ionic Bonding
Illustrating the bonding of Sodium and Chlorine + - Na Cl

2. Sodium(Na) Sodium is soft and very reactive metal
It has only 1 electron in its outside shell
11P
12N
Sodium
Na = 2,8,1

3. Chlorine (Cl) Chlorine is a highly poisonous green gas.
It has 7 electrons in the outside shell and is not stable.
18P
17N
Chlorine
= 2,8,7

4. Neither sodium nor chlorine are stable, since both have less than 8 electrons in their outside shell. However this can easily be achieved by combining Na and Cl together.
Watch how!
11P
12N
17P
18N Na Cl

5. Na is giving away its 1 electron which it has in its outside shell….
11P
12N
17P
18N Cl Na

6. Cl is accepting the electron from Na

7. Both Na and Cl now have 8 electrons in their outside shell and a new compound NaCl has been formed
2,8,8
Na +
2,8

8. Both Na and Cl now have 8 electrons in their outside shell and a new compound NaCl has been formed
Strong forces of attraction exist between Na+ and Cl- and hold the bond together
Cl-
2,8,8
Na+
2,8

9. Satisfying the Octet Rule…..
The Octet rule is simply a rule which helps us to understand bonding
Atoms bond together so that each atom attains an electron arrangement of 8 electrons in its outermost shell.

10. To satisfy the Octet Rule, atoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons
Na lost 1 electron
Na changed from electron configuration of 2,8,1 to 2,8
Na changed from a neutral Na atom to a positively charged Na ion (Na+)
Cl gained 1 electron
Cl changed from electron configuration of 2,8,7 to 2,8,8
Cl changed from a neutral Cl atom to a negatively charged Cl ion (Cl-)

11. Difference between the sodium and the sodium ion
The sodium atom
11 Protons (11+)
12 neutrons
11 electrons (11-)
The sodiumion
11 Protons(11+)
12 neutrons
10 electrons (10-)
The sodium ion Na has an extra one + charge
Na+
The sodium atom Na has an equal number of + and - charges
An ion is a charged atom

12. Chlorine and the chloride ion
The chlorine atom
17 Protons (17+)
18 neutrons
17 electrons (17-)
The chloride ion
17 Protons(17+)
18 neutrons
18 electrons (18-)
The chloride ion Cl has an extra one “- “charge
Cl-
The chlorine atom Cl has an equal number of + and - charges
An ion is a charged atom