1. Chapter 8 Section 5 19th Century Progress

2. Big Question
How did breakthroughs in science and technology change daily life and entertainment? Describe at least 5 examples.

3. Key Terms Thomas Edison Survival of the Fittest Alexander Graham Bell
Genetics
Guglielmo Marconi
Dmitri Mendeleev
Henry Ford
Radioactivity
Assembly Line
Ivan Pavlov
Wright Brothers
Sigmund Freud
Bacteria
Mass culture
Antiseptics
Spectator sports
Germ Theory of Disease
Darwin's Theory of Evolution

4. Inventions Make Life Easier
Mid to late 1800s, many new inventions changed how people lived
Inventors from around the world used industrialization to make life simpler and more complex

5. Inventions Make Life Easier
Thomas Edison
Most famous American inventor…over 1,000 patents in his lifetime (Wizard of Menlo Park, New Jersey)
Examples of inventions - Phonograph, light bulb, motion picture projector
Most important invention – idea of the research laboratory

6. Inventions Make Life Easier
Alexander Graham Bell – Telephone
Guglielmo Marconi - Radio

7. Inventions Make Life Easier
The Automobile and Henry Ford
German Karl Benz created the first gas powered internal combustion engine and put it on a horse carriage…first automobile
American Henry Ford made cars affordable to ordinary people by setting up the assembly line in his factory

8. Inventions Make Life Easier
The Wright Brothers Fly
Bicycle mechanics from Dayton, Ohio, Orville and Wilbur Wright, used a gasoline powered engine to fly the first airplane in 1903

9. New Ideas in Medicine Germ Theory of Disease
Mid 1800s, Louis Pasteur used a microscope to discover tiny animals living on food…called them bacteria
Also learned that heat killed bacteria…pasteurization

10. New Ideas in Medicine
Dr. Joseph Lister created bacteria killing liquids called antiseptics that saved his patients during surgery
Pasteur, Lister, and others used cleanliness and germ- fighting techniques to create the germ theory of disease

11. New Ideas in Science Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
Most controversial invention of the time period was Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
Claimed all life on earth developed from simpler life forms over millions of years

12. New Ideas in Science
Claimed only those species that are the best adapted to their environment will survive and reproduce (Survival of the Fittest)…claimed species can change over time to adapt
Many people fought evolutionary theory claiming it conflicted with the teachings of the Bible

13. New Ideas in Science Mendel and Genetics
Gregor Mendel discovered that certain traits are passed from parents to offspring and claimed there was a pattern
Created science of genetics

14. New Ideas in Science Advances in Chemistry and Physics
Discovery that all matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms revolutionized science
Dmitri Mendeleev organized the elements of science into a useful chart…periodic table
Marie and Pierre Curie discovered an atoms decay produced an energy called radioactivity

15. Social Sciences Explore Behavior
Late 1800s, scientists began to study how the human mind worked
New science was called psychology
Ivan Pavlov experimented with how humans respond to certain situations and how we are trained

16. Social Sciences Explore Behavior
Sigmund Freud, claimed that people’s actions are shaped by dreams and our subconscious mind
Claimed sit-down therapy sessions could help us understand our subconscious and fix our behavior
Freud’s theories were controversial because it took responsibility away from human actions
Pavlov’s and Freud’s ideas challenged Enlightenment ideas that humans were rational and logical beings

17. The Rise of Mass Culture
With the rise of industrialization, the middle class grew larger
Since the middle class had money and time to enjoy life, art, music, theater, and other forms of entertainment grew in the late 1800s
These leisures called mass culture

18. The Rise of Mass Culture
New technologies drastically changed entertainment in the late 1800s/early 1900s
Dance halls were popular…singing, dancing, magicians, juggling, acrobatics, comedians, musicians, and variety shows called vaudevilles were common

19. The Rise of Mass Culture
Edison’s movie projector led to movie theaters becoming a big pastime in America and Europe
Participant and Spectator sports such baseball and football became big in America…soccer, cricket, and rugby in Europe

20. Big Question & Key Terms
How did breakthroughs in science and technology change daily life and entertainment? Describe at least 5 examples.
Thomas Edison
Darwin's Theory of Evolution
Alexander Graham Bell
Survival of the Fittest
Guglielmo Marconi
Genetics
Henry Ford
Dmitri Mendeleev
Assembly Line
Radioactivity
Wright Brothers
Ivan Pavlov
Bacteria
Sigmund Freud
Antiseptics
Mass culture
Germ Theory of Disease
Spectator sports