1. Science, Medicine & Romanticism
HRHS
World History
Mr. Snell

2. SCIENCE!
Charles Darwin published his theories “On the Origin of Species.”
Natural Selection – Survival of the fittest.
Species evolve over time, to improve survival chances which became his theory of evolution.

3. Chemistry John Dalton develops atomic theory in 1803.
In 1871, Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleyev arranged the elements into the periodic table.
1898 Marie and Pierre Curie discovered polonium and radium.
Also came up with the process of radioactivity.

4. Mendeleyev’s Periodic Table

5. Modern Periodic Table

6. Physics Albert Einstein revolutionizes physics. Mathematical genius
E=mc^2

7. Medical Breakthroughs
Preventing Disease and Improving Medical Care were priorities.
Louis Pasteur discovered bacteria in the air. Found that heating liquids and foods will kill bacteria and became known as pasteurization.
Today, most milk, cheese, and juice undergo this process.
He also developed a vaccine for rabies in 1885.

8. New Stuff
Anesthetic - Ether gas was used to reduce pain and in large doses, make the patient unconscious.
First painless surgery in 1842.
People still died from infection.
Joseph Lister, in the 1860s, began use of antiseptics, or germ killing agents, to clean wounds.

9. More Modern Hospitals Nurses Nursing Schools Medical Professionals
Major decline in infant mortality.

10. Psychology New focus on the mind and human behavior in society.
Ivan Pavlov – The Conditional Reflex
Sigmund Freud – Hypnotism, Dream Study
Sociology, Anthropology, and other social sciences develop.

11. Daily Life in the 1800s Cities undergo urbanization.
The growth in the proportion of people living in towns and cities.
Rise of Skyscraper in 1883.

12. Changes in the Arts
Romanticism – Emphasis on imagination and feeling, and a reaction to Enlightenment rationalism.
Characteristics: love of nature, deep emotions, individual value, affection, imagination.

13. Romantic Music Music, like painting could release emotion
Built on traditions of 18th century masters

14. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827
Bridged classical and romantic periods
Son of an alcoholic court musician
Earned patronage of Viennese nobles
Before losing his hearing learned classical musical structures

15. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827
Romanticist because “he withdraws increasingly within himself…..reveals only his subjective thoughts and pays heed to nothing but his own inspiration

16. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827
Very dramatic composer
Often knocked down candles during performance
Music helped popularize the piano
Enjoyed wealth and fame (unlike Mozart)

17. Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827
Age 32 realized deafness was incurable
Contemplated suicide
But continued to compose
Music searched for unity and peace
Personal emotions

18. The middle class Loved classical music
Attended by musically educated listeners
Private concerts took place in middle class homes
Piano playing became common
Children received music lessons

19. Realism Developed in response to Romanticism. Details everyday life.
Charles Dickens writes “Hard Times” -Struggle of London’s Poor.
Leo Tolstoy writes “War and Peace” -War is chaos and horrible.

20. Impressionism Introduced by 1860s French painters.
Desire to capture scenes using light, vivid color, and motion, rather than just realistic details.

21. Goals
Characteristics
Major Figures
Romanticism
Against Enlightenment emphasis on reason
Glorified nature
Sought to excite strong emotions
Romantic hero in literature
Classical forms with stirring range of sounds in music
Power and beauty of nature in art
Lord Byron
Wordsworth
Goethe
Bronte
Dumas
Beethoven
Chopin
Turner
Delacroix
Realism
Showed world as it is
Sought to improve lives of those depicted
Focused work on harsh side of life in cities and villages
Focused on ordinary objects
Dickens
Hugo
Zola
Ibsen
Courbet
Eakins
Impressionism
Reaction to photography
Captured first impression of a scene or object
Used bold brush strokes
Didn’t blend colors
Monet
Degas

22. Clustering
Cluster today’s notes or any information that helps you attribute or identify.
Center-Most Bubble is titled Lesson.
Arts
Today
Medicine