1. Introducing the anti-bullying work in Norway: national strategies, societal responses and practices
Dian Liu

4. Contextual features in relation to school climate
Law of Jante
Class size and activities
Parental involvement

5. Legal enforcement White Paper 31(2007-2008) Quality in Education
All pupils are entitled to a good psycho-social environment
Manifesto against bullying ( )
zero tolerance for bullying
The Norwegian Education Act
9a-1: good physical and psyco-social environment
9a-3: “the bullying act”
9a-4: internal control in schools
9a-7,9a-8: penalties

6. National strategies 1983: The first National Project
All primary and secondary schools (3400)
Packet of Material & A book (Olweus & Roland 1983)
No External Support, except in Bergen
Bullies are generally aggressive
Bullying focused prevention
Confronting intervention

7. National strategies The 1996 Program
A Whole School Approach: school leadership, staff, pupils board and parents
New Book (Roland & Vaaland 1996)
- same definition
- prevention: authoritative classroom leadership
- intervention: a confronting approach
External support (around 200 external “experts” were trained)

8. National strategies 2002: Prime Ministers Manifesto
King Haralds New Year Address
Prime Minister Kjell Magne Bondeviks New Year Address (Zero tolerance)
Two Anti - bullying Programs subsidized by the State
- the Olweus Program (material and external support)
- Zero (material and external support)
- program material available to all schools
School bullying down 30% (Roland 2009)

9. Bullying in research
School bullying: repetition, aggressive behavior, power imbalance
Applicable to cyberbullying?
The nature of cyberbullying
Intended to hurt -----aggressive intention
Perceived as hurtful
ICT-related arena

10. Bullying in research Prevalence Engagement in bullying/cyberbullying
10% in traditional bullying VS 2-3% in cyberbullying
(Nordvik 2010)
Engagement in bullying/cyberbullying
Alignment between traditional bullying and cyberbullying
Knowledge of cyber-safety
active use of internet
popularity of the students

11. Bullying in research Consequences of bullying
Contributes to negative school climate
substantially disrupts learning,
causing damage to emotional wellbeing of students
(Olweus 2005, 2012)

12. Societal responses Bruk Hue (Use Your Hand)

13. Challenges Lack of awareness Lack of reporting channels
Anonymity on internet
Lack of common methodology
Relationship between traditional bullying and cyberbullying
Practitioners training

14. An empirical study The comparative approach “The film approach”
methods
findings

15. Thank you!