1. From War to Peace

2. Ch. 9.1 Notes “Postwar Havoc”
Ch. 9.1 Warm-up
Describe three effects of World War I.

3. A. The First Red Scare “100 Percent Americanism”
Anti-foreign movement
The rise of the Bolsheviks
Russia becomes the Soviet Union
Communist system established
American reaction
Fears turn from Huns to “Reds”
Radicals act in the U.S.
The “Red Scare” grips the nation
The Palmer Raids
A Mitchell Palmer hunts radicals
Aliens faced deportation

4. B. Labor Strife Grows Postwar difficulties Labor’s losses
Struggling economy hurts cause
Public links communism and unions
Labor’s losses
Membership and power declines
Major strikes of the era
Seattle’s general strike
Boston police strike
John L. Lewis and the UMW

5. C. Limiting Immigration
Job competition and Red Scare
Nativists re-emerge
Immigration control
1924 – National Origins Act
Revival of the KKK
Sacco and Vanzetti
Anarchists become scapegoats

6. Ch. 9.2 Notes “A New Economic Era”
Ch. 9.2 Warm-up
Describe three events that demonstrated widespread fear on the part of Americans after WWI.

7. A. Ford Revolutionizes Industry
1920’s – Henry Ford’s Model T
The assembly line
Use of interchangeable parts
More efficient production
More people could afford
The effect on industry
Competition helped industry grow
Use of assembly line techniques
Productivity increases
Welfare capitalism increases workers benefits

8. B. Industry Changes Society
New auto-related businesses
Gas, tires, glass, rubber, etc.
Detroit becomes “car capital”
Growth of suburbs
reflect new movement of workers
Tourist industry booms
Florida land speculation

9. C. The New Consumer New products Creating demand New ways to pay
Electrical appliances
The radio opens new worlds
Airplane revolutionizes travel
Creating demand
Growth of advertising
Company sponsors
New ways to pay
Borrowing money not respectable
Installment buying and credit
Both become more common place

10. D. Weaknesses in the Economy
“The Roaring Twenties”
Reflected economic boom
Farmers struggle
Less demand
European competition
Boll weevil devastates crops
1927 – Mississippi river floods
Florida land speculation
Most destructive hurricane hits
Florida goes into depression

11. Ch. 9.3 Notes “The Harding and Coolidge Presidencies”
Ch. 9.3 Warm-up
Describe three new developments during the 1920’s that impacted American society.

12. A. The Harding Presidency
American self-sufficiency
Harding as president
charismatic but ineffective
The election of 1920
Harding promises a “return to normalcy”
Harding’s policies
Less government in business
Reduced taxes on wealthy
Fordney-McCumber Tariff
Tries to help farmers
Scandal and sudden death
Harding’s “Ohio Gang”
The Teapot Dome Scandal
Harding suffers heart attack

13. B. The Coolidge Presidency
Coolidge’s background
Interest in business and politics
Governor of Massachusetts
Coolidge in office
Cleans up corruption and scandal
Unshakable faith in business
Limited government role
Coolidge the man
“Silent Cal”
Chooses not to run again

14. C. The Lingering Effects of WWI
The question of war debt
Europe owes $10 billion to U.S.
Germany cannot pay reparations
U.S. provides loans to Germany
Washington Naval Conference
Britain & Japan – naval arms race
1921 – nations cut size of navies
Charles Evans Hughes
Sec. of State optimistic about peace
Mitchell argues for air power
Billy Mitchell sees potential in air power
The Kellogg-Briand Pact
60 nations pledge not to use war