1. The 1850s:
Road to
Secession

2. Essential Question
To what extent can sectional interests influence national unity?
(remember the nationalism vs. sectionalism question from previous unit)

3. Manifest Destiny
New approaches in the North, such as Eli Whitney’s i_____ p____, took industry out of the homes and into the f_____.
The I_________ R_________ led to m_____ p_________ of cheaper goods. Cities in the North began relied on i_______ and began to p______.

4. Manifest Destiny
H_____ C_____ proposes the A_______ System to make the United States more self-s_______. One of the three main components of it was the development of t_____________ systems as well as other i__________ improvements.
The E_____ c_____ was built, linking NYC to the O_____ V______. Also, the N________ R______ linked Cumberland, Maryland to Vandalia, I_______.

5. Manifest Destiny
Eli Whitney’s c_____ g____ allowed for more c______ to be grown in the American southeast, especially in land. “K____ C______” became entrenched in the American south as a c___h c___p.
As production rose, so did the demand for l_____. Most of these workers were s_______.

6. Manifest Destiny
The M______ D_______ were principles that the U.S. aimed at E_______ countries proclaiming that those countries could no longer interfere in the W_______ H_________.
In 1820, Henry Clay proposed the M________ C_________, which would maintain equal representation in the federal g____________. The ____/____ became the diving line slavery in the U.S.

7. Manifest Destiny
J________ democracy allowed the c________ m_____ to be open-minded in thought, such as the R_______ Movements and an over whelming feeling that President J________ had their interests in mind.
This was evident during the B____ War and the T____ of A__________.
The I______ R_______ A___ also opened lands in the American southeast to be settled by white Americans.

8. US: post-Mex-American war
positves
negatives

9. Mexican Cession

10. Problems of Sectional Balance in 1850
California statehood
Some Southern states threatening secession
Underground RR & fugitive slave issues

11. Compromise of 1850

12. Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811 – 1896)
“So this is the lady who started the Civil War.” -- Abraham Lincoln

13. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.
2 million in a decade!

14. Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852

15. The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party] Nativists. Anti-Catholics.
Anti-immigrants.
1849  Secret Order of the Star-Spangled Banner created in NYC.

16. 1852 Presidential Election
√ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free Soil

17. 1852 Election Results

18. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

19. Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)
“Bleeding Kansas”
Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)

20. “The Crime Against Kansas”
Sen. Charles Sumner (R-MA)
Congr. Preston Brooks (D-SC)

21. Mural in the Kansas Capitol building by John Steuart Curry (20c)
John Brown:
Madman, Hero or Martyr?
Mural in the Kansas Capitol building by John Steuart Curry (20c)

22. Birth of the Republican Party, 1854
Northern Whigs
Northern Democrats
Free-Soilers
Know-Nothings
Other opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

23. 1856 Presidential Election
√ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig

24. 1856 Election Results

25. Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

26. A House divided against itself, cannot stand.
The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858
A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

27. Stephen Douglas & the Freeport Doctrine
Popular Sovereignty?

28. John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859

29. 1860 Presidential Election
√ Abraham Lincoln Republican
John Bell Constitutional Union
1860 Presidential Election
Stephen A. Douglas Northern Democrat
John C. Breckinridge Southern Democrat

30. Republican Party Platform in 1860
Non-extension of slavery
Protective tariff
No abridgment of rights for immigrants
Government aid to build a Pacific RR
Internal improvements at federal expense
Free homesteads for the public domain

31. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?

32. 1860
Election
Results

33. Crittenden Compromise: A Last Ditch Appeal to Sanity
Senator John J. Crittenden (Know-Nothing-KY)

34. Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860

35. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861

36. Essential Question
To what extent can sectional interests influence national unity?
In your pods, rank the importance of the events from our unit:
Mizz. Comp. (1820) Kan.-Neb. Act (1854)
Comp. of Dred Scott (1857)
John Brown’s raid (1859) -Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Then, individually answer the question
Be sure to cite specific examples in your response
30 points (4th MP)