1. EARLY NORTH AMERICAN PEOPLE
Chapter 1, Section 2

2. EARLY NORTH AMERICANS
Many Native American cultures existed in North America before Europeans (white man) arrived in the 1500’s.

3. EARLY NORTH AMERICANS Anasazi: Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona and Utah
-Mississippians: lived near present day Illinois.
-Iroquois and Cherokee: New York state, North Carolina and South Carolina

4. The Anasazi
Resided in present-day Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.
The Anasazi civilization began around 1 A.D. and lasted until about 1300 A.D.

5. Anasazi
The Anasazi were cliff dwellers. They built pueblos (community dwellings) into the walls of steep cliffs.
They used adobe (sun-dried mud brick) to build their dwellings

6. PUEBLO BONITA
An important trade and religious center for the Anasazi. Hundreds of roads linked Pueblo Bonita with other surrounding villages.

7. MESA VERDE
An Anasazi community located in present day Colorado. Mesa Verde had several thousand inhabitants and was the capital city of the Anasazi.

8. The Anasazi
In 1300 A.D. the Anasazi began leaving their pueblos and cliff dwellings to settle into smaller communities.
Their large villages may have been abandoned due to drought.

9. The Hopewell & Mississippians
The Hopewell and Mississippians were a population of mound builders.
These groups were located in Pennsylvania, Illinois and parts of the Mississippi River valley.

10. The Hopewell Lived between 200 B.C. and 500 A.D.
Built huge burial mounds in the shape of animals: birds, bears, and snakes.
Archaeologists have found fresh water pearls, cloth and copper in the mounds. This is an indication the Hopewell were traders.

11. The Hopewell
The Hopewell Snake: used as a burial tomb.

12. The Mississippians
One group of mound builders were known as the Mississippians.
CAHOKIA: was the largest settlement of mound builders and was built by the Mississippians.
Cahokia was located near present day Illinois and was built around 900 A.D.
Cahokia had a population of around 16,000 people.

13. Cahokia
Cahokia resembled the great cities of Mexico (such as the Maya).
There was a temple located on top of the main pyramid.
High priests studied the movement of the sun and stars.

14. The Iroquois and Cherokee
Lived in the woodlands of eastern North America.
Formed complex political systems to govern their nations.

15. Iroquois Federations
Had formal law codes and formed peace federations; governments that linked the two groups together.
Women had strong influence in these tribes.