1. Test on Digestive and Circulatory Systems
Time vs. Information/Multiple Goals
Study Outline
Vocabulary – Quizlet Online (Link on Website)
HW Quizzes Online (Link on Website)
PowerPoint Notes On Website
Do your Homework On Time!
Ask Meaningful Questions

2. Diseases of the Circulatory System

3. Sickled Cell

5. Sickle-cell anemia:
inherited
potentially lethal
defect in hemoglobin
causes distortion (sickling) and loss of red blood cells, reducing blood flow

6. Hemophilia – lack of a clotting factor; excessive bleeding

7. Leukemia – cancer of white blood cells
Abnormal white cells crowd out red blood cells and platelets

9. Coronary Thrombosis

13. How are these arteries different?
Normal Coronary Artery
Atherosclerosis in coronary artery

15. calcification

18. Atherosclerosis Heart Attack
Heart Attack

19. Development of Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerotic Plaque
with clot
Plaque formation
Normal artery

20. Development of Atherosclerosis
1. inside layer of artery damaged
2. deposition of substances in the artery wall
3. damage stimulates cells of artery wall to release substances which promote more deposition
4. reduction in the diameter of the open space within the artery
clot gets stuck blocking blood flow

21. Effects of Atherosclerosis
Myocardial infarction
Gangrene
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
Cerebral infarction

23. • Heart disease: 633,842
• Cancer: 595,930
• Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 155,041
• Accidents (unintentional injuries): 146,571
• Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 140,323
• Alzheimer’s disease: 110,561
• Diabetes: 79,535
• Influenza and pneumonia: 57,062

24. Leading Causes of Death in US 2016
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC )
• Heart disease: 633,842
• Cancer: 595,930
• Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 155,041
• Accidents (unintentional injuries): 146,571
• Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 140,323
• Alzheimer’s disease: 110,561
• Diabetes: 79,535
• Influenza and pneumonia: 57,062

25. Angioplasty http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9AqBd4RExk&feature=related

26. Coronary Angiogram

27. Angioplasty

28. Angioplasty

30. Aneurysm
- A blood-filled sac formed by the dilatation of the wall of an artery, a vein, or the heart.
caused by a disease or weakening of the vessel's wall.

32. Risk Factors for Aneurysms
atheroschlerosis
high blood pressure
smoking
deep wounds or injuries
infections

35. Heart Failure (Congestive Heart Failure)
heart muscle is weakened or damaged
can no longer pump the volume of blood needed
normally occurs after other heart problems
(e.g. heart attack or coronary artery disease)
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms
Fatigue, swelling in ankles,
rapid breathing, chest pain,
fainting

36. Congestive Heart Failure

37. If the septum or any of the valves are damaged, there will be a leak or backflow of blood. This produces an abnormal sound known as a ____________.
heart murmur

38. Pig Valves

39. Mechanical Heart Valve

41. Pacemaker

42. Normal Electrocardiogram

45. Normal Electrocardiogram

48. Varicose Veins
superficial veins distend with blood that leaks from deeper lying veins
due to gravitational force on veins with valve incompetence. 
Normally valves prevent pooling of blood in the lower extremities during the period between heart beats
incompetent veins blood falls down toward the feet and outward into veins closer to the skin.

49. Spider Veins

50. Spider Veins appearance resembling a spider's web
less pronounced examples of varicose veins
tend to occur in the thigh and ankle region.