1. CH34 The Shadow of War US Isolationism Latin America Why?
Disillusionment
Fear of Foreign Entanglements
Fear of another WWI
Latin America
“Good Neighbor Policy”
Neutrality Acts (1935, 36, 37)
US Companies Steer Clear of Belligerent Nations

2. Isolationism Challenged
Italy Attacks Ethiopia(1935)
Spanish Civil War( ) Japan Invades China(1937)
Germany
Sudetenland
Czechoslovakia
Japan Sinks the USS Panay

3. From Isolation to Intervention
World War II Begins
9/1/39 – Germany Invades Poland
Britain and France Declare War
Neutrality Act of 1939
Cash & Carry Policy – No Loans
No US Ships Involved
Lend Lease Bill(1940)
“The Arsenal of Democracy”
Atlantic Charter (1941)
“Fourteen Points” of WWII

4. “Surprise” Japanese Attack at Pearl Harbor(12/7/41)
US Enters WWII
“Surprise” Japanese Attack at Pearl Harbor(12/7/41)
“A day that will live in Infamy…”
US Oil Embargo imposed in Oct.

5. Response Anti-Japanese Sentiments However… Germany = Bigger Threat
Especially on West Coast
Internment Camps
Japanese Citizen Safety
Fear of Insurgents
Korematsu v. US
Internment okay
Suspension of Habeas Corpus
However…
Germany = Bigger Threat
Then Japanese in Pacific

7. Gearing Up For War Fighting A War on Two Fronts
US moves to Mobilize
Orders for War Products End the Great Depression
War Production Board
Gov’t Coordinates with Industry
From Manpower to Womanpower
Women step into industry
Prove themselves/Gain Respect
2/3 return to the home after war
Paid lower $

8. Minorities Make Headway
African Americans –
“The Double V”
Segregated front line units
Native Americans
Serve on all fronts
Navajo – “Code Talkers”

10. Halting Hitler
Soviets Join The Allies
Breaking the Enigma Cipher

11. Attacking the Soft “Under Belly”
North Africa to Italy( )
Gen. D. Eisenhower
Allies take N. Africa in May 1943
Allies Invade Italy
Mussolini Overthrown
Allies Press Toward Rome
Rome (June 1944)

12. D-Day – June 6, 1944
Allies Invade
Airborne/Amphibious
Largest ever.

13. Pushing Towards Berlin
Allies’ push
West – From France
East – Soviet Union
Battle of the Bulge ( )
Ardenne Forest, Belgium
Opens the door for the final push
into Germany

14. Encountering the Holocaust

15. Ending the War in Europe
Allies Reach Berlin (April 25, 1945)
Leaderless Armies
April 12th – FDR dies of a Stroke
VP Harry Truman takes over
April 28th Mussolini is executed
April 30th Hitler commits suicide

16. War in the Pacific Japan Expands its Empire War At Sea
Island after island
US loses Guam & Philippines
Bataan Death March
War At Sea
Battle of Coral Sea (1942)
Battle of Midway (1942)
= Turning Point
Kamikaze Attacks

17. US Pushes Back Guadacanal (1942) Island Hopping Take smaller islands
Build airbases
Get closer to Japan
Marinas Islands

18. Ending the War with Japan
Bombing Japan’s Mainland
Tokyo
83k dead
250k buildings
destroyed
Philippines Retaken
(1944)
Iwo Jima (Airfield)
Okinawa
50k casualties

19. The Bomb The Potsdam Conference August 6, 1945 August 9, 1945
Truman finds out “the bomb” works
Japan: Surrender or Be Destroyed
August 6, 1945
Hiroshima
70,000 dead instantly
180,000 total
August 9, 1945
Nagasaki
80,000 killed
Japan Surrenders
September 2, 1945

20. WWII’s Effect on America
Minor compared to Europe/Japan
America’s homeland remains untouched
American Casualties lower
Victory was Achieved by
American Mobilization
Gov’t+Private sector
Armed Forces
Abundant Resources
Community sacrifice
Scrap Drives
Rationing

21. War also raised expectations for groups that contributed to the Cause
African-Americans
(Civil Rights late 40’s-50’s)
Women
(“Liberation Movement late 50’s-60’s)
Hispanic-Americans
(60’s-80’s)