1. AP World History Review Period 4: Global Interactions c. 1450-1750 CE

2. Key Concept 4.1 Global Networks
Describe the degree of global ‘interconnection’ after 1500 CE compared to before What were the overall effects of this change in global connectedness?
How did the global trade network after 1500 CE affect the pre-existing regional trade networks?
What were the major notable transoceanic voyages between ?

3. Key Concept 4.1 Global Networks
How did the new global connections affect the peoples of Oceania and Polynesia? What new financial and monetary means made new scale(s) of trade possible? What previously established scale(s) of trade continued?
What were the effects of the Columbian Exchange?
How did the Columbian Exchange affect the spread of religions?
How did the arts fare during this period?

4. Key Concept 4.1 Global Networks
1450: Trade & Communication Networks = Regional
Indian Ocean (Southernization)
Silk Roads
Mediterranean
Trans-Saharan
1750: Networks = Worldwide
Columbian Exchange

5. 4.2 Social & Economic Organization
How did agriculture’s role change between ? What pre-requisite conditions made these changes possible?
How did labor systems develop between 1450 – 1750?
How did the post-1450 economic order affect the social, economic, and political elites?

6. 4.2 Social & Economic Organization
1450: Agriculture based on Labor
Peasant
Slave Trade (e.g. E Africa)
By 1750: American Plantation Economy required new types/forms of labor
Indentured Servants
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
Encomienda & Hacienda systems

8. 4.2 Social & Economic Organization
New Social Elites emerged (from imperial conquest and/or Columbian Exchange)
Demographic Changes in Africa, caused by Slave Trade
New Ethnic/Racial categories
Peninsulares, Creoles, Mestizos, Mulattoes, etc.

9. 4.2 Social & Economic Organization
Traditional Elites also had to adapt to new realities
Mughal Zamindars
European nobles
Japanese daimyo

10. 4.3 State Consolidation & Expansion
How did empires attempt to administer the new widespread nature of their territories? How did the role of Africa, the Americas, Asia, and Europe develop in this new world-wide political order? How did the people of various empires react to their government’s methods?
How did political rulers legitimize and consolidate their rule?
What was the relationship btwn imperialism and military technology?

11. 4.3 State Consolidation & Expansion
What obstacles to empire-building did empires confront, and how did they respond to these challenges?

12. 4.3 State Consolidation & Expansion
New Maritime Empires required new forms of administration
Portugal, Spain, French, Dutch, England
Rulers sought new forms of legitimization

13. 4.3 State Consolidation & Expansion
Means of Expansion
Gunpowder
Cannons
Armed Trade
Competition over Trade Routes caused conflict/wars.

15. Resources for Additional Info
John Green’s “Crash Course” videos.
#21 15th Century Mariners
#24 The Atlantic Slave Trade
#25 The Spanish Empire
#26 The Seven Years War