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Kingdom Protista 1
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Protista & Fungi Unit Goals
2 SB1: Students will analyze the nature of relationships between structures and functions in living cells. a. Explain the role of cell organelles for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including the cell membrane, in maintaining homeostasis and cell reproduction. SB3: Students will derive the relationship between single-celled and multi-celled organisms and the increasing complexity of systems. b. Compare how structures and function vary between the six kingdoms. c. Examine the evolutionary basis of modern classification systems. d. Compare and contrast viruses with living organisms.
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3 Protista Domain: Eukarya Eukaryotic organisms
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Evolution of Eukaryotic Organisms
Endosymbiosis 4 Evolution of Eukaryotic Organisms
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Lack complex organ systems
Kingdom Protista 5 Single-Celled Multicellular Eukaryotic Can be pathogens Have a Nucleus heterotrophic or autotrophic (or both) Generally aquatic: Fresh or marine Lack complex organ systems
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Kingdom Protista 6 single celled organisms
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Method of Nutrition Animal-like Fungi-like Plant-like 7 Absorption
Heterotrophic Autotrophic
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8 Plant-Like Protozoa CLIP Animal-Like Fungi-Like
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Animal-Like 9 Classified based on Means of Locomotion How they move
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Method of Locomotion 10 Pseudopodia Cilia Flagella “false” “foot”
cytoplasmic streaming
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Contractile Vacuole Animation
11 Move by Cillia Anal Pore Waste Removal Locomotion Food Enters Helps regulate water level Contractile Vacuole Animation Paramecium
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Move by Pseudopods “False Feet” 13
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-made of protein filaments
14 Move by Flagella -made of protein filaments
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Malaria Clip Non-Motile 15 Cryptosporidium Plasmodium falciparum
Causes Malaria Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Clip
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Protista Paramecium
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Plant-Like Most unicellular, but some multicellular
16 Most unicellular, but some multicellular Autotrophic – contain chlorophyll & make food by photosynthesis Range in size from microscopic to seaweeds hundreds of feet in length
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17 Single celled algae Volvox Spirogyra Chlamydomonas
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When the numbers of algae in a lake or a river increase explosively.
18 Algal Bloom p509 Can be a result of an excess of nutrients Can decrease dissolved oxygen content
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20 Multicellular
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Euglena 21 Detects light Most live in freshwater, but some live in moist soil & the digestive tracts of certain animals Contractile vacuole to pump out excess water Can be heterotrophic in the absence of light
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22 Diatoms Have cell walls made of “glass”
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Diatoms 23
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Fungi-Like water molds Slime molds Multicellular, heterotrophic
24 water molds Slime molds Multicellular, heterotrophic Little tissue specialization Usually small & live in moist or watery habitats Act as decomposers breaking down dead organic matter
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Slime molds 25 Feed by absorption- -break down dead organic matter
May be saprophytes or parasites Make a reproductive structure or fruiting body that produces spores Often found on decaying wood or leaves
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Water Molds 27 Aquatic water molds are parasites on fish forming furry growths on their gills May act as decomposers in water of dead plants & animals May be pathogenic to plants Phytophthora infestans caused blight in potatoes (Irish Potato Famine in 19th century)
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28 Symbiosis Termites
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Red tides are caused by population explosions of certain dinoflagellates that release a neurotoxin into the environment. Shellfish concentrate this toxin and it can kill people who eat the contaminated shellfish. 29 "harmful algal bloom"
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Protista Plant Pathogen Produce oxygen Eukaryotic Auto or hetero 30
Source of food Plant Pathogen Human diseases Produce oxygen Protista Eukaryotic Termite Guts Beginning of food chain Auto or hetero Chemical and Medicines
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Kingdom Protista 31 Asexual Reproduction “Binary fission”:
when an individual splits into 2 identical individuals. Fragmentation
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Kingdom Protista Sexual Reproduction 32
conjugation = when 2 individuals exchange micronuclei results in genetic mixing and “new” genotypes Production of haploid gametes 32
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Comparing Structures in Protists
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Intro to Fungi & Protista Review Video Clip (p5)
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