1. Accelerator R&D for Future Neutrino Projects
In this talk, “future” = post T2K
Three main candidates (with variants)……….
Focus on Neutrino Factory and Beta Beam
International context
Main challenges
R&D projects underway
Conclusions

2. Physics

3. International context
Aims driven by CERN SG:
“…..studies of the scientific case for future neutrino facilities and the R&D into associated technologies are required to be in a position to define the optimal neutrino programme based on the information available in around 2012; Council will play an active role in promoting a coordinated European participation in a global neutrino programme”
Within Europe, being done through EUROnu: - FP7 Design Study M€ total budget study three options for future facility - includes detectors and physics - primary aim: “cost” and performance for SG - runs 1st September 08 to 31st August part of CERN strategy see

4. IDS-NF
International activities International Design Study for the Neutrino Factory
Started 2008, building on ISS
Aims: IDR ~2010; RDR ~2012
Design of accelerator and detector(s)
Physics performance
Cost and schedule
“Risk”
EUROnu – most of EU contribution

5. Overall conceptual design
Neutrino Factory
Challenges pretty much everywhere
Overall conceptual design
FETS
Targets
EMMA
MICE RF
SPL Project X
Targets
EMMA

6. Target Main target issues: high energy density, 300J/cm3
~0.75MW deposition in target
Problems: thermal shock temperature rise radiation damage radiation protection, remote handling, disposal.....
3 options being studied: liquid mercury jet solid bars particle jet
None yet proven at engineering level

7. Study-2 capture solenoid
Liquid Mercury
Study-2 capture solenoid
Concept: - DC jet, 1cm Ø, 20m/s - 30kg Hg/s - carries heat away - “shock” studied by MERIT
MERIT: - PS beam - correct energy density - 20m/s jet T pulsed magnet 1 2 3 4
Syringe Pump
Secondary
Containment
Jet Chamber
Proton
Beam
Solenoid
Data-taking – November 2007
Analysis – on-going, but advanced

8. Liquid Mercury
Images of Jet Flow at Viewport 3, B = 10 T, N = 10 Tp, 2 ms/frame,  Ldisruption = 17 cm t = 6, , , , , , , ms
Disruption: - starts after proton pulse - finished before next

9. Liquid Mercury
24 GeV
14 GeV

10. Liquid Mercury Concept is proven, though analysis on-going
Remaining issues mainly related to engineering:
impact of droplets and filaments
impact of mercury jet
construction of DC jet
erosion and contamination of mercury
design of mercury loop
collection of mercury
radio-protection

11. Study-2 capture solenoid
“Solids”
Concept:
~150 solid W bars, 2x20cm, changed between pulses
First main issue – thermal shock: - tested with current >26 year lifetime now use beams
Study-2 capture solenoid
Radiation: ~same as ISIS
Second main issue – changing the targets!

12. “Solids” Alternative concept:
particle jet: ~250µm W power, few m/s jet
entirely novel, many issues to study

13. Solenoids

14. EMMA Model of muon FFAG accelerator(s) in NF – v. imp. R&D project
Proof-of-principle non-scaling FFAG – variety of applications: - proton & light ion cancer therapy - ADSR muon production for slow muons - etc
Will study: ns dynamics large acceptance, 30πm mrad - bucketless acceleration - fast resonance crossing - very large momentum compaction - etc
Comparison with tracking codes
Parameters: electrons, 10-20MeV cells, doublet lattice, 1.3GHZ RF - cell length 40cm → 16.5m circumference

15. EMMA
Being built at Daresbury
Use ALICE as injector

16. EMMA

17. EMMA
Diagnostics beamline
Injection line
EMMA ring

18. EMMA
First beam ~December

20. Beta Beam Baseline Beta Beam 18Ne and 6He studied in EURISOL FP6 DS
Updated Beta Beam: 8Li and 8B – higher Q isotopes
Baseline ions
ISOL method Ne 2x1013/s <8x1011/s 6He 2x1013/s >1x1013/s
direct production being studied
8Li /s
8B >1013/s
ion production ring

21. Ion production & collection
Beta Beam
Overall conceptual
design
Ion production & collection
Bunching
Decay ring

22. Ion production & collection
Beta Beam
Overall conceptual
design
Ion production & collection
Bunching
Decay ring

23. From C. Rubbia, et al. in NIM A 568 (2006) 475–487
Ion Production
Ion production ring
8Li /s
8B >1013/s
7Li(d,p)8Li
6Li(3He,n)8B
7Li
6Li
20-30 MeV
From C. Rubbia, et al. in NIM A 568 (2006) 475–487

24. Being studied in EUROnu
Ion Production
Being studied in EUROnu

25. Conclusions Number of post-T2K projects world-wide
Choice of “best” currently uncertain due to:
physics
performance
cost
EUROnu studying this in European context
IDS-NF looking at Neutrino Factory
Targeting SG 2012 deadline
Significant progress being made