1. Energy

2. Question What does it mean when we say “that kid has a lot of energy?”
It means that kid is “Active” and moving.
How does that relate to work?

3. Energy How can you tell if someone has a lot of energy?
How does that relate to work?

4. Work = Energy Work Energy: Moving an object by pushing it.
a transference of energy
Energy:
The Ability to do work (move both large or small objects)
It’s what causes change.

5. Force & Work

6. Work = Energy
Notice that the formula’s for both work and energy are exactly the same with the exact same unit (J – Joules)

7. Two Types of Energy Potential – Stored Energy (NOT in motion)
Depends on the objects position or shape
Kinetic – Energy in motion
Depends on mass & velocity of an object

8. 6 Forms of Energy Mechanical (Physical Moving Objects)
Large Objects
Mechanical (Physical Moving Objects)
Gravitational
Elastic (Spring)
Sound (Oscillation of air molecules)
Heat (Kinetic Energy of Whole Motions of Atoms)
Light (Photon Oscillations of Electric and Magnetic Fields)
Chemical (Potential Energy in the Bonds between Atoms)
Electrical (Kinetic Energy of Electrons found in Atoms)
Nuclear (Potential Energy in the Bonds of Protons in the Nucleus)
Atomic Sized Objects

9. Mechanical Energy
Moving large objects.

10. Three Forms of Mechanical Energy
Gravitational
Elastic
Sound

11. (work = Force x Distance)
Mechanical Energy
Gravitational Energy: Gravity making the object move.
Potential Energy
PE=mgh
Kinetic Energy
KE=1/2mv2
Work = Weight x Height
(work = Force x Distance)

12. Mechanical Energy
Elastic Energy: movement caused by bending or distorting.
EKE = ½ mv2
EPE = kd2
Work = Force x Distance

13. Mechanical Energy
Sound = Movement of air back and forth as the wave goes through.
Work = Force x Distance

14. Energy Due to Motion of Atomic sized particles

15. Heat / Thermal Energy
= Heat Energy: (Thermal) Movement of the Whole atom. (average kinetic energy)
Heat Energy is the form of energy that
is related to the motion of atoms
Measurement of total movement
of molecules (Kinetic Energy)
Heat energy is measured
by “Temperature”
So a higher temperature simply
means that the atoms are hitting
the thermometer fast & more often
Liquid A
Liquid B
A higher temp. means more Kinetic
Energy for the molecules!
Think: Which of the two liquid samples
has a higher temperature? WHY?
Work = Force x Distance

16. Heat / Thermal Energy
Heat or Thermal Energy: is the kind of energy that is related to and/or caused by fast moving particles that make up the material.
Though lava moves fairly slow, the particles are moving very fast.
If you were to touch a desk, the interior is moving fairly rapidly – though the outside appears to have no motion at all.
Mechanical energy can transfer into heat: try rubbing your hands. The friction from the surface of your hands from rubbing them back and forth create heat.

17. Light Electromagnetic (AKA – Light):
Movement of charged particles which induce WAVES of Electromagnetic radiation – AKA photons of Light!
Electromagnetic radiation can be described in terms of a stream of photons, which are massless particles each traveling in a wave-like pattern and moving at the speed of light. Each photon contains a certain amount (or bundle) of energy, and all electromagnetic radiation consists of these photons. The only difference between the various types of electromagnetic radiation is the amount of energy found in the photons. Radio waves have photons with low energies, microwaves have a little more energy than radio waves, infrared has still more, then visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, and ... the most energetic of all ... gamma-rays.
The electromagnetic spectrum can be expressed in terms of energy, wavelength, or frequency.
For more information, go to:
Animation Credit for Electromagnetic radiation:
Also: Moody, J. (2005) Physical Science Principles, BYU College of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, pg 133,

18. Light
Energy from the motion of a moving charged particle in the atoms disturbs the electromagnetic fields which effects other charged particles in other atoms.
Electromagnetic Fields
Radiation
+/-
+/-
Work = Force x Distance

19. Light Spectrum

20. Examples

21. Chemical Energy stored in the bonds between the atoms. C C
Demo: hold hands & snap release
Work = Force x Distance

22. Chemical Gas Work = Force x Distance
Have a few students describe the Magetix ball & magnets, then compare that to chemical energy
Work = Force x Distance

23. Electric Energy: Electrical Energy: Motion (flow) of Electrons
Work = Force x Distance
Electrical Energy: Motion (flow) of Electrons
These charges can be made
to move through a wire
Electric energy “flows” through
wires to our houses where
we plug stuff in!
Electricity is electric energy
Lightning is Electric energy

24. Other Examples of Electric Energy

25. Electrons from the outer edges of the Atom
Electrical Energy
Comes from the movement (or flow) of Electrons from the atom
Electrons from the outer edges of the Atom
Work = Force x Distance

26. Nuclear Energy Energy stored in the bonds of protons in the nucleus.
Comes from the Stored Energy from the Nucleus of the atom
Energy stored in the bonds of protons in the nucleus.
Nucleus of the Atom:
Protons & Neutrons
Work = Force x Distance

27. Nuclear Energy - Fission
Demo: Break hands apart – point out the release of energy from the break
Work = Force x Distance

28. Nuclear Energy - Fusion
AKA Solar Energy
Demo: Clap – point out the release of energy from the collision
Work = Force x Distance

29. Acronym Original List MECH-’n Legs Moving Large Stuff
Mechanical
Grav, elast, sound
Moving Atomic Stuff
Heat
Light
Chemical
Electrical
Nuclear
MECH-’n Legs
Mechanical
Electrical
Chemical
Heat
Nuclear
Light
elastic
gravitational
sound
I will wait for the sumo industrial strength walker

30. Energy Defined Example
Mechanical
Any Large Object Moving – Forwards/Backwards/Up/Circle
Car, Generator, ball, fan, blender, motor
Electrical
Any shock, zap, lightning’ish phenomenon
Outlet, Battery, Lightning
Chemical
Any chemical reaction, fuel or explosion.
Gas, food, sugar, fire
Heat
Anything that’s hot/cold
CCR
Light bulb, fire etc.
Nuclear
The sun
Light
Duh. Any form of radiation.
ROY G. BIV, radio, mw, IR, VL, UV, XR, Gma
Elastic
Any bending, twisting or stretching of an object.
Bending Ruler, stretching a rubber band.
Gravitational
Any falling object.
Pendulum, falling ball.
Sound
Any noise.
Rock concert.