1. Subphylum: Vertebrata
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Classes:
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Amphibia
Reptilia
Aves
Mammalia

2. Phylum: Chordata Subhylum: Vertebrata Characteristics:
Primitive organism:
amphioxus
Characteristics:
*Have a dorsal notochord, that becomes the spine.
An endoskeleton made of cartilage or bone.
Pharyngeal slits or gill pouches during development.
A dorsal nerve cord.
Post-anal tail
Subhylum: Vertebrata
Major Characteristic: have a backbone

3. Class: Chondrichthyes
*Cartilaginous fish
- from, “chondro-” (cartilage) and “ichthyes” (fish)
skeleton made of cartilage.
have fins and scales.
breathe with gills.
Examples:
sharks, skates, and rays.

4. Class: Chondrichtyes CHARACTERISTICS: Vertebrates
Ectothermic (cold-blooded)
BILATERAL symmetry
Coelomate
Digestive System – COMPLETE
Skeletal System – made of Cartilage
Circulatory System – 2 chambered heart
Reproduction – External fertilization, many eggs
*Dioecious = two distinct genders

5. Class: Osteichthyes “BONY” fish
- from, “osteo-” (bone) and “ichthyes” (fish)
skeleton made of bone.
have fins and scales.
breathe with gills.
Examples:
bass, tuna, and catfish

6. bass
tuna
catfish
porcupine fish
salmon
Class: Osteichthyes

7. Class: Osteichthyes CHARACTERISTICS: Vertebrates
Ectothermic (cold-blooded)
BILATERAL symmetry
Coelomate
Digestive System – COMPLETE
Skeletal System – made of BONE
Circulatory System – 2 - chambered heart
Reproduction – External fertilization, many eggs
*Dioecious

8. frogs, toads, newts, salamander
Class: AMPHIBIA
*Amphibians
- means “double life”, part of life spent on water and part on land
smooth, moist skin.
live near water
go through metamorphosis
no claws or scales.
Examples:
frogs, toads, newts, salamander

9. bullfrog
Cameroon toad
poison dart frog
Class: Amphibia

10. General Amphibians

11. Class: AMPHIBIA CHARACTERISTICS: Vertebrates
Ectothermic (cold-blooded)
BILATERAL symmetry
Coelomate
Digestive System – COMPLETE
Skeletal System – made of BONE
Circulatory System – 3-chambered heart
Reproduction – External fertilization, eggs laid in water
*Dioecious

12. turtles, snakes, alligators, lizards
Class: REPTILIA
*Reptiles
- body covered w/scales or plates
have lungs/scales & plates/claws
1st to use the amniotic egg.
also use internal fertilization
Examples:
turtles, snakes, alligators, lizards

13. Burmese python
lizard
chameleon
Class: Reptilia
alligator
cobra

14. Class: REPTILIA CHARACTERISTICS: Vertebrates
Ectothermic (cold-blooded)
BILATERAL symmetry
Coelomate
Digestive System – COMPLETE
Skeletal System – made of BONE
Circulatory System – 3-chambered heart
Reproduction – INTERNAL fertilization, AMNIOTIC egg
*Dioecious

15. eagle, owl, cardinal, dove, quail
Class: AVES
*BIRDS
have wings and feathers.
most fly. Ex: penguin, ostrich, emu
parents incubate eggs.
descended from dinosaurs
lightweight, hollow bones
Examples:
eagle, owl, cardinal, dove, quail

16. Class: AVES CHARACTERISTICS: Vertebrates ENDOTHERMIC (WARM-blooded)
BILATERAL symmetry
Coelomate
Digestive System – COMPLETE
Skeletal System – made of BONE
Circulatory System – 4-chambered heart
Reproduction – INTERNAL fertilization, AMNIOTIC egg
*Dioecious

17. bats, whale, elephant, deer, horse, human, monkey, rabbits
Class: MAMMALIA
*Mammals
have hair & mammary glands.
give birth to live young
have a diaphragm
Examples:
bats, whale, elephant, deer, horse, human, monkey, rabbits

18. Class: MAMMALIA CHARACTERISTICS: Vertebrates
ENDOTHERMIC (WARM-blooded)
BILATERAL symmetry
Coelomate
Digestive System – COMPLETE
Skeletal System – made of BONE
Circulatory System – 4-chambered heart
Reproduction – INTERNAL fertilization, LIVE YOUNG
*Dioecious