1. A Fireman’s Safety Mechanism
Original Power Point Created by Todd O’Neil
Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office
June 2002

2. A Firearm’s “Safety” Mechanism
Don’t be afraid to ask if you don’t know how a firearm works
never trust the safety mechanism
safety prevents the gun from firing
safety could fail

3. Damascus Barrel
Older or custom made barrels which were typically made before the turn of the century
weaker than modern barrels

4. Airguns ( three kinds) Pneumatic- use a pump system
CO2 powered-use compressed CO2 contained in a steel cylinder
spring- involves a spring that is compressed by a lever

5. Rifles and Shotguns
Uses expanding gas from burning powder to force a bullet or shot out of the muzzle
main difference in shotgun and rifle is found inside the barrel
shotgun bore(inside of barrel) is thin and smooth
rifle bore are thicker and have grooves that spiral around the bore

6. Rifles and Shotguns Grooves are called rifling
spins the bullet making it more accurate
caliber of a rifle is determined by measuring the width of the bore
shotgun sizes are given in gauges
gauge is usually marked on the rear of the barrel

7. Rifles and Shotguns
Always use the correct gauge shell in the same gauged shotgun(12-gauge shell in a 12-gauge shotgun
rifle and shotguns are usually identified by their bore sizes and action designs.
Action is the part that moves cartridges or shotshells into the chamber( loads, unloads and ejects ammunition)

8. Rifles and Shotguns
Stock, action and barrel are 3 main components of guns
there are five categories of actions
break action
pump action
lever action
semi-automatic
bolt action

9. Dominant or Master eye The one you should look through when sighting
keep both eyes open when shooting a shotgun
usually close one eye when shooting a rifle

10. Rifles Sights are important parts of rifles three general classes
open sight-least accurate
peep or aperture sights
telescope sights- most accurate

11. Rifle positions Four standard positions standing-most difficult
kneeling-forms tripod
sitting-forms tripod
prone-most stable

12. Rang/Distances
.22 caliber bullet (rimfire) can be dangerous at a mile or more
centerfire bullets(.30-30, , etc.) can be dangerous at more than 3 1/2 miles

13. Firing Techniques
Hold breath, gently squeeze trigger with steady pressure until the gun fires.
Never jerk the trigger or slap the trigger

14. Shotguns Several gauges 10,12,16,20,28 and .410 are most common
smaller the number the larger the bore

15. Shotgun Position
Almost always fired from a standing position.

16. Shotgun Choke
Determines the spread or pattern of the shot after it leaves the barrel
Three kinds:
full- most constricted
modified- less constricted
improved cylinder- less than modified
cylinder choke- no constriction, shot spreads quickly

17. Shotgun Range Not a long range gun depends on the shotshell
average is within 45 yards

18. Ammunition Divided into two categories
cartridges- handguns and rifles
shotshells- shotguns
Primary components of cartridges
case
primer
centerfire or rimfire
smokeless powder
bullet

19. Ammunition Primary components of shotshells case primer
smokeless powder
wad and shot

20. Handguns
The safest way to carry a handgun is with no round in the chamber