1. The Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg
Anatomy
Mechanism of Injury
Treatment
Rehabilitation

2. 26 bones of the foot…

3. See if you can label them..

4. Four arches of the foot.. -Medial Longitudinal Arch
-Lateral Longitudinal Arch
-Transverse Arch
-Metatarsal Arch

5. Bones of the Ankle

6. Major Ligaments

7. Lateral Ligaments Anterior Talofibular Calcaneofibular
Posterior Talofibular
Posterior Calcaneofibular
Lateral Talocalcaneal

8. Medial Ligaments Deltoid Ligament which is made up of:
Anterior Talotibial
Posterior Talotibial
Calcanealtibial
Anterior Tibiofibular
Posterior Tibiofibular

9. Tendons of Ankle/Foot: Tom, Dick and Harry
Medial aspect:
Tibialis Posterior
Flexor Digitorum Longus/Brevis
Flexor Hallicus Longus/Brevis
Anterior/lateral aspect:
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Digitorum Longus/Brevis
Extensor Hallicus Longus/Brevis

10. Anterior Tendons/Muscles between the Maleoli
Extensor Hallicus Longus
Extensor Hallicus Brevis
Anterior Tibialis
Digitorum Longus
Digitorum Brevis

11. Four Motions Pulse Points
Dorsiflexion
Plantarflexion
Inversion
Eversion
-To the right of the tibia
Dorsal Pedal
-In front of the fibula

12. Motions of Ankle – muscular actions
Dorsiflexion – tibialis anterior, digitorum extensors and extensor hallicus
Plantar Flexion – gastrocnemius/soleus, flexor digitorum, and flexor hallicus, some posterior tibialis
Eversion – peroneal longus, brevis and tertius, some digitorum extensor
Inversion – tibialis posterior, flexor hallicus and digitorum

13. Inversion Sprain
A sprained ankle occurs following a sudden sideways or twisting movement of the foot. An ankle sprain can occur during athletic events or during everyday activities. All it takes is an awkward step or an uneven surface to cause an ankle sprain. It usually occurs when a person lands from jumping or running on to an uneven surface.