1. Chapter 11.3a
Mountain Formation

2. Mountain Building at Convergent Boundaries
Most mountain building happens at convergent plate boundaries. The colliding plates provide a compressional force that fold, fault, and metamorphose the thick layers of sediments deposited at the edges of landmasses.
Magma is also important because it cam deform the rock further.

3. Ocean-Ocean Convergence
Remember this takes place where 2 oceanic plate converge and 1 moves under the other. This leads to a volcanic island arc on the ocean floor.
An example is the Aleutian Islands in Alaska.
Ocean-ocean convergence produces volcanic mountains.

4. Ocean-Continental Convergence
When an oceanic plate and continental plate collide we have mountain building.
A good example is on the west coast of South America – the Andes mountains.
Usually ocean-continental convergence makes mountain ranges with 2 parallel belts. The belt more inland will be made of volcanoes. The more seaward belt is called an accretionary wedge – have folded, faulted sedimentary and metamorphic rock.
So the types of mountains formed by ocean- continental convergence are volcanic mountains and folded mountains.

5. Continent-Continent Convergence
Where 2 continental plates collide, folded mountains are formed.
An examples would be the Himalaya Mountains and the Tibetan Plateau.