1. (Harvard’s gorgeous animation of a cell contents doing their thing)
Inner Life of the Cell
(Harvard’s gorgeous animation of a cell contents doing their thing)
3D Interactive cell
Utah cell

2. The nucleus The nuclear envelope Nuclear pores Nucleoplasm Chromatin
The nucleolus
The nucleus:
Acts as the control centre of the cell through the production of mRNA and protein synthesis
Retains the genetic material of the cell in the form of DNA / chromosomes.
Nucleolus..Manufacture rRNA and ribosomes
Start the process of cell division.

3. Chloroplasts Role in photosynthesis. The chloroplast envelope
The stroma
The grana
Starch grains

4. The mitochondrion Double membrane
Cristae (stalked elementary particles)
The matrix (Krebs cycle)

5. Endoplasmic reticulum
RER
SER
Cisternae

6. Ribosomes Found in all cells. Role in protein synthesis
80S type = eukaryotic cells
70S type = prokaryotic cells
Composed of proteins and RNA
2 sub-units.
One large and one small.

7. Golgi apparatus Similar to SER in structure.
Flattened stacks of cisternae.
Modifies proteins from E.R.
Labels them with receptors, which
directs them to their correct
destination.
Modified protein transported in vesicles
Surface view

9. Lysosomes
Formed when vesicles produced from the golgi apparatus include within them enzymes (e.g. Proteases, lipases)
Up to 1.0 μm in diameter
Isolate potentially harmful enzymes from rest of cell.

10. Cilia Threads which extend from cell surface.
3-4 μm long, could be up to 10 μm. they are 0.2 μm in diameter.
Basal body embedded in cytoplasm
Basal body contains 9 sets of 3 microtubules.

11. Centrioles Found in almost all animal cells. NOT in plant cells
0.5 μm in length and 0.2 μm in diameter.
Internal structure = 9 sets of 3 microtubules
2 in each cell. Lie at right angles to one another near the nucleus

12. Cellulose Cell Wall Made of cellulose ( a polysaccharide)
Several layers.
Permeable
Flexible
Provides strength and support
Pores filled with cytoplasm between adjacent cells called plasmadesmata allow movement of materials between cells

13. Comparing plant and animal cells
No cell wall
No chloroplasts
Vacuoles if present – small and scattered.
Cytoplasm present throughout the cell
Nucleus anywhere in cell, but often central.
Centrioles present
Cilia or undulipodia often present
Glycogen granules used for storage
Plant cells
Cell wall with pits and plasmodesmata.
Chloroplasts present
Large single vacuole.
Cytoplasm – thin layer confined to edge of cell.
Nucleus at edge of cell
No centrioles in higher plants
No cilia or undulipodia in higher plants.
Starch grains used for storage

14. Identifying cell organelles

15. Plenary activity:
Complete short answer questions on cell organelles. Complete Q3 from Q booklet Homework: Q1 part (a) only & Q4 all parts. Due: Next lesson.