1. Sentence Types Ms. Currie – Advanced Language Arts

2. Clauses
A clause is a group of words that includes at least a subject and a verb.
It always contains a subject that acts through
a verb.

3. Difference Between a Phrase and a Clause?
Phrase doesn’t have a subject that acts
through a verb.
A clause DOES have a subject that acts

4. Examples: before the summer ended… In the nick of time
PHRASE
CLAUSE
before the summer ended…
(the “summer” is doing something – it’s ending)
Because the wolf hid out in the forest…
(there is a subject doing something – the wolf is hiding)
In the nick of time
(no verb)
Tripping merrily along…
(no subject)

5. 2 Types of Clauses Independent Clauses: clauses that can stand alone
(also called Subordinate Clauses) clauses that cannot stand alone
Noun Clause
Adjective Clause
Adverb Clause

6. Independent Clauses I went to the bonfire after the game.
“I went to the bonfire” could be a stand-alone sentence, and thus it is an independent clause.

7. 3 Types of Dependent Clauses
Noun Clause: a dependent clase that acts like a noun
Adjective Clause: a dependent clause that acts like an adjective
Adverb Clause: a dependent clause that acts like an adverb

8. Dependent Clauses
When the circus gets to town, we’ll go to see the elephants.
“When the circus gets to town” cannot be a full sentence.

9. Noun Clause
I don’t know why he did that.
Acts as a noun…

10. He really loved the jacket
Adjective Clause
He really loved the jacket
that she sold to him.
Modifies the noun, so it acts like an adjective

11. Adverb Clause All the kids tried to eat their popsicles
before they melted in the hot sun.
Modifies the verb, so it acts like an adverb

12. Compound Complex Sentence
Types of Sentences
Simple Sentence
Contains subject and verb
Contains a complete idea
Complex Sentence
Contains two or more independent clauses or and independent clause and one (or more) dependent clauses
Compound Sentence
Contains two or more independent clauses joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction or by a semicolon
Compound Complex Sentence
Consists of two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses

13. The llama from Peru is named Stew.
Simple Sentence:
The llama from Peru is named Stew.
Compound Sentence:
Stew, the llama, often eats hay, but he has an affinity for strawberries.
Complex Sentence:
Galloping through the meadows of Ecuador, Stew often looks for strawberries.
Compound-Complex Sentence:
When Stew goes to the grocery store, he doesn’t buy any meat because he is an herbivore.

14. FANBOYS
F = for
A = and
N = nor
B = but
O = or
Y =yet
S = so

15. Formulas Used to Create Sentences:
Simple Sentence:
Independent Clause (IC)
Compound Sentence:
IC + FANBOYS + IC = Compound Sentence
Complex Sentence:
IC + DC = Compound Sentence
Compound Complex Sentence:
DC + IC + FANBOYS + IC = Compound Complex Sentence

16. Copy the following sentences and tell which type of sentence each one is.
Most young people in the Middle Ages spent their time on farm work, and they never learned reading and writing.
Rick and Jose’ Hernandez enjoy hearing their father’s stories because of the clever way he performs them.
Mr. Hernandez pulls a cape across his face so that the stranger looks mysterious.
If a young boy lived in a city, he could work for an artisan, and he could receive on-the-job training.
Fourteen-year-old Marsha was born with both of her legs broken.
Sometimes Marsha feels lots of pain.
Although it was crowded and cramped, daily life in a medieval city could be lively and exciting.
The audience laughs when Mr. Hernandez portrays the naughty children stuck to the pear tree.
Marsha works hard on her school work.
Max loves mysteries, and he has read every story about the detective Sherlock Holmes.

17. Were You Right?
Simple
Complex
Compound-complex
Compound