1. Totalitarianism: government control over every aspect of public and private life

2. Fascism: a political movement that promotes an extreme form of nationalism, a denial of individual rights, and a dictatorial one-party rule Nazism: the fascist policies of the National Socialist German Workers’ party (Nazi Party), based on totalitarianism, a belief in racial superiority, and state control of industry.

3. FASCISM / NAZISM COMMUNISM
Basic Principles
Authoritarian
Action oriented
Leader identified with State
Leninism
Marxism
Dictatorship of Proletariat
Political
Nationalist
Militarist
Racist (Nazism)
Internationalist
Social
Support by Industrialist and
military
Supported by workers (USSR)
And peasants (China)
Economic
Private property; control by
State corporation or State
Collective ownership;
Centralized state ownership
Cultural
Censorship
Indoctrination
Secret Police
Examples
Fascism - Italy and Spain
Nazism - Germany
Communism in USSR and
China
Leaders
Mussolini – Italy
Hitler - Germany
Stalin - USSR

4. Name of Ruler Title: Country: Type of Government: Dates of Rule:
Goals/Ideas/Characteristic Gov’t:
Totalitarian Policies

5. Hirohito Title: Emperor Country: Japan Dates he ruled: 1926-1989
Type of Government: Monarchy  Puppet rule to military
Goals, Ideas, and Characteristics of Gov’t:
Nationalism
Militarism
Industrialization of Japan
Need for raw materials leads to Imperialism
Invasion of Korea, Manchuria, and China

6. Hirohito

8. Josef Stalin Soviet Union - Communist
“Man of Steel”
Uneducated

9. Goal: Industrialize Russia
Rise to power
Lenin died
Killed Trotsky (expected successor)
Goal: Industrialize Russia

10. c. Legacy
Communism: government enforced socialism – collectivization (peasants operate farms as a group… gov provides tractors, fertilizer, seed)
Suppressed rival parties: “Great Purge” (4 million sent to Gulags)
Censored press, art, music, religion
Widespread use of nationalistic propaganda
Punished/killed critics – Terror Famine… 5-8 million died of starvation in Ukraine in 1932
Schools indoctrinated children
Women granted equality

11. Industrial Revolution
5 Year Plans:
Set impossibly high quotas to increase the output of steel, coal, oil, & electricity
Limit production of consumer goods to reach goals
Result = severe food, housing, & clothing shortages
Though tough, Stalin’s 5 Year Plans did make substantial economic gains

13. Agricultural Revolution
Collective Farms: Govt seizure of privately owned farms
Produced for state
Many (peasants) actively fought this intuitive by the govt

14. 2. Benito Mussolini Italy - Fascist
Charismatic speaker
Bitter over Treaty of Versailles’ self determination
“Il Duce” The Leader

15. rise to power Black shirts: thugs that terrorize opposition
Threatens to march on Rome
To prevent overthrow… King Emmanuel III declares him Prime Minister (leader of the legislature)
Goal: Wanted to restore legacy of Roman empire

16. c. Legacy
Fascist: government controlled capitalism – work with business and agri leaders… workers forbidden to strike and wages = low
Suppressed rival parties
Censored press
Rigged elections
Women = pushed out of paying jobs
Reduces unemployment by increasing size of army

17. 3. Adolf Hitler Germany - Fascist
“Der Fuhrer” the leader
3. Adolf Hitler Germany - Fascist
“Der Fuhrer” the leader
WWI Veteran
Anti-Semite
Bitter over Treaty of Versailles’ reparations
Mesmerizing speaker

18. Goal: Wanted to restore the legacy of the Holy Roman Empire
Rise to power
Brown shirts = storm troopers terrorize opposition
Head of the Nazi Party – National Socialists German Workers Party
Named Chancellor: Prime Minister
Goal: Wanted to restore the legacy of the Holy Roman Empire

19. 3. Legacy Fascist: government enforced capitalism
Suppressed rival parties (only allowed NAZI party)
Censored press
Reduced inflation and unemployment - public works, build highways, housing, and replant forests
Indoctrinated young – Hitler Youth: paramilitary group for boys
Women dismissed from jobs