1. The Western Frontier
Chapter 5

2. The Plains Natives
By mid 1800’s, were excellent horsemen and shots with rifles
Powerful spirits controlled everything in nature
Life was as a group, not individual

3. Native American Wars Massacre at Sand Creek: 1864 150 killed
Treaty of Fort Laramie: 1868
Red River War:

4. Little Bighorn: 1876
Custer’s last stand

5. Destruction of the Buffalo
million Buffalo
1890 Fewer than 1000 Buffalo
1900 a single wild herd was in Yellowstone

6. Dawes Act Broke up the Reservations Gave each family 160 acres
Sold the rest to white settlers

7. Wounded Knee: December 1890
300 unarmed Natives killed

11. Settling the West Bonanza Farms Homestead Act 160 Acres Exodusters
Oklahoma Land Rush

12. Morrill Act
Federal land for Ag colleges

15. Virgil
Morgan
Wyatt

16. Frank & Tom McLowery, and Billy Clanton
Ike Clanton
Doc Holliday

17.                  
Jesse & Frank James

18. Billy The Kid

19. Sundance Kid Butch Cassidy

20. Annie
Oakley
Wild Bill
Calamity
Jane
Buffalo Bill

21. Klondike Gold Rush

22. Farmers Unite
Prices falling
Banks foreclosing on farms
Railroad

23. Granger Movement First organization dedicated to farmers
Founded by: Oliver Kelley

24. 800,000 members in 1875
Women had equal rights
Began as a social movement

26. Farmer’s Alliance More emphasis on gov’t action
Lower taxes, higher prices for goods, etc…

27. Very strong in the south
Alliance was split
1890 won seats in Congress

28. Two sides come together, form the peoples party or Populist Party

29. Goals of the Populist Party
Limit terms of Pres. and V.P.
Direct election of Senators
Unlimited coining of silver
Government takeover of big businesses

30. William Jennings Bryan

31. Fall Of Populism Depression of 1893 Railroads go bankrupt
Value of money drops

32. Fall Of Populism Populist legislation gets shot down in the courts
McKinley wins election in 1896, Populism slowly disappears

33. A New Industrial Age
Chapter 6---pg 228 to 248

34. Inventions/ Inventors
Faraday and Henry: Dynamo
Thomas Edison:
Light bulb, phonograph, moving picture camera, etc…
Samuel Morse: Telegraph
Alexander Graham Bell: Phone

35. Dynamo Faraday and Henry

36. Thomas Edison-Light bulb, phonograph, moving picture camera, etc…

37. Thomas Edison-Light bulb

38. Phonograph- Early CDs

39. Telephone
Light blub

40. Automatic Stock Ticker

41. Samuel Morse—Morse Code-language of the telegraph

42. Telegraph

43. Alexander Graham Bell- yes the phone guy

45. Can you hear
Me now?

50. Steel Industry Bessemer Process Production up 20%
Four main producing cities:
Pittsburgh, Detroit, Cleveland, and Birmingham

51. Bessemer steel

52. Henry Bessemer

53. Railroads “Empire of Rails” Bigger trains, better tracks
Most tracks ran up to 50 miles
Created a standard gauge
4’ x 8 1/2” (1870)

54. For ease of transport, time zones are created.
Charge more for short haul than for a long one.
Sell their grant land to corporations instead of settlers

55. Transcontinental R.R. Began in 1863 From Omaha to Sacramento
Central Pacific (Charles Crocker)
Union Pacific (Grenville Dodge)

56. Irish and Chinese build most of the system
1200 lost in Sierras
May 10, 1869 it is completed at Promontory Point, Utah

57. Charles Crocker-Banker

58. Leland Stanford -Governor of California and founder of University

59. Grenville Dodge—planner of route for Transcontinental Railroad

60. “The Golden Spike”

61. “They drove the Spike and then they left. The armies marched away
“They drove the Spike and then they left. The armies marched away. A town grew up, a sickly thing, Of gamblers, bars, and "droves." For half a year the changing point, And then it slowly died. “

62. …Now

63. George Pullman- Sleeper cars for trains, a Company town for his employees

64. Philosophy of Wealth Extremely wealthy v. the extremely poor
Section 1
Philosophy of Wealth
Extremely wealthy v. the extremely poor
Should the wealthy share?
Is it the fault of the poor that they are poor?

65. Social Darwinism Coined by Herbert Spencer: The unfit lose to the fit
“Survival of the fittest.”
The unfit lose to the fit
Winners make up a natural upper class

66. Charles Darwin—Survival of the fittest

67. Rags to
Riches

68. John D. Rockefeller Standard Oil built 2% share to 90% market share

69. Cornelius Vanderbilt Railroad monopoly

70. J.P. Morgan steel, holding company --World’s Largest Business

71. Work Conditions 10-12 hr. workday 6 days/wk for $2-$3/day
Extremely dangerous
Sweatshops: Garment Industry
Child Labor

79. Labor Unions National Labor union (1866) Knights of Labor (1869)
William Silvus
No strikes, work through politics
Knights of Labor (1869)
Uriah Stevens
Very successful
Open to everyone

81. A.F.L. (1886) Samuel Gompers Skilled workers
No blacks, women, or immigrants
Collective bargaining
Largest union 1.75 million

82. Samuel Gompers
Organized
skilled labor

83. Eugene Debs
Unionize skilled and unskilled labor

85. Violence emerges R.R. Strike of 1877 Haymarket Riot of 1886
Homestead Strike 1892
Pullman Strike 1894

87. Triangle Shirtwaist Factory