1. The Science of Matter

2. Chemistry
The science that investigates and explains the structure and properties of matter
Structure refers to its composition —what matter is made up of and how it is organized
Properties describe the characteristics and behaviors of matter

3. Views of matter macroscopic submicroscopic Large enough to be seen
One you touch, feel, smell, taste, and see
So small that you cannot see it even with the most powerful microscope

4. Scientific Model Can be a drawing Computer generated
A thinking device that helps you understand and explain macroscopic observations
Can be a drawing
Computer generated
Built on experimentation

5. Anything that has mass and volume
Matter
Anything that has mass and volume
Physical changes
Mixtures
Physically combined
Pure substances
Chemically combined
Chemical changes
Elements
Compounds
Heterogenous
mixtures
Homogenous
mixtures

6. MIXTURES Heterogeneous mixtures Homogenous mixtures
Different compositions, depending upon where you look
Components exist as distinct regions called phases
Examples are orange juice and graphite
Constant composition throughout
No matter where you sample the mixture, you find the same combination
Another name is a solution
Examples are sugar water and air

7. PURE SUBSTANCES elements compounds
Simplest form of matter – made up of one kind
Cannot be broken down into simpler substances
Building block from which other forms of matter are made
Examples are found on the periodic table
A chemical combination of two or more different elements joined together in a fixed proportion
Properties of compound is different from the properties of the elements it is made up of
Represented by a formula (H2O) (C12H22O11)
Examples are water and sugar

8. Types of Properties Physical Properties… Chemical Properties…
Can be observed without changing a substance into another substance.
Boiling point, density, mass, volume, etc.
Chemical Properties…
Can only be observed when a substance is changed into another substance.
Flammability, corrosiveness, reactivity with acid, etc.
© 2009, Prentice-Hall, Inc.

9. Types of Changes Physical Changes Chemical Changes
These are changes in matter that do not change the composition of a substance.
Changes of state, temperature, volume, etc.
Chemical Changes
Chemical changes result in new substances.
Combustion, oxidation, decomposition, etc.
© 2009, Prentice-Hall, Inc.