1. Biology
Ch. 3, Sections 4 & 5
Review

2. A protein that detects a signal molecule and performs an action in response is called a
A. receptor. B. ligand. C. vesicle. D. proton.

3. A. receptor.

4. A solution that is hypotonic to a cell has
A. a higher concentration of solutes than the cell. B. a lower concentration of solutes than the cell. C. the same concentration of solutes as the cell. D. too many solutes.

5. B. a lower concentration of solutes than the cell.

6. A solution that is hypertonic to a cell has
A. a higher concentration of solutes than the cell.
B. a lower concentration of solutes than the cell.
C. the same concentration of solutes as the cell.
D. too many solutes.

7. A. a higher concentration of solutes than the cell.

8. A solution that is isotonic to a cell has
A. a higher concentration of solutes than the cell.
B. a lower concentration of solutes than the cell.
C. the same concentration of solutes as the cell.
D. too many solutes.

9. C. the same concentration of solutes as the cell.

10. Transport proteins play a role in both
A. passive and active transport.
B. exocytosis and endocytosis.
C. diffusion and vesicle transport.
D. phagocytosis and passive transport.

11. A. passive and active transport.

12. Which process does NOT require energy from the cell?
A. exocytosis
B. endocytosis
C. active transport
D. facilitated diffusion

13. D. facilitated diffusion

14. Which cell organelles are involved in the process of endocytosis?
A. ribosomes
B. vesicles
C. centrioles
D. chloroplasts

15. B. vesicles

16. Which process is occurring when a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents outside the cell?
A. facilitated diffusion
B. endocytosis
C. phagocytosis
D. exocytosis

17. D. exocytosis

18. Which phrase best describes passive transport?
A. requires transport proteins
B. requires no energy from the cell
C. requires an isotonic solution
D. requires facilitation by enzymes

19. B. requires no energy from the cell

20. Water moves into a cell when the solution surrounding the cell is
A. hypertonic. B. hypotonic. C. isotonic. D. concentrated.

21. B. hypotonic.

22. What is the term for the diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane?
A. osmosis
B. equilibrium
C. transport
D. isotonic

23. A. osmosis

24. The movement of molecules down a concentration gradient through transport proteins in the cell membrane is a type of
A. selective transport C. energy expenditure.
B. osmosis D. facilitated diffusion.

25. D. facilitated diffusion.

26. The difference in the concentration of dissolved particles from one location to another is called a
A. concentration gradient. C. saline solution.
B. concentration solution D. dynamic gradient.

27. A. concentration gradient.

28. Unlike passive transport, active transport requires
A. concentration gradients. C. energy from the cell.
B. diffusion. D. vesicles.

29. C. energy from the cell.

30. Which process uses proteins to move molecules against a concentration gradient?
A. active transport C. endocytosis
B. passive transport D. phagocytosis

31. A. active transport

32. Cells use active transport proteins to
A. obtain molecules they need.
B. break down molecules.
C. engulf large particles.
D. detect the charge of molecules

33. A. obtain molecules they need.

34. A membrane-bound sac used to transport substances into and out of cells is a
A. pump.
B. macrophage.
C. lysosome.
D. vesicle.

35. D. vesicle.

36. Which process is used to release insulin from pancreatic cells into the bloodstream?
exocytosis
B. endocytosis
C. active transport
D. passive transport

37. A. exocytosis

38. hypertonic solution hypotonic solution isotonic solution
Choose the best diagram to match to each term below.
hypertonic solution
hypotonic solution
isotonic solution

39. isotonic solution
hypertonic solution
hypotonic solution

40. Choose the best diagram to match to each term below.
endocytosis
exocytosis

41. exocytosis
endocytosis