1. Two Column Notes/Vocabulary
Chapter 3.2
Two Column Notes/Vocabulary
The New England Colonies

2. Pilgrims and Puritans
Pilgrims: Protestant separatist group that left England in early 1600’s to escape persecution
Pilgrims moved to the Netherlands in 1608 to escape persecution from church of England
Pilgrims on the Move
Pilgrims soon decided to move to Virginia/didn’t want kids learning Dutch language and culture
September 16, 1620: Mayflower leaves for Virginia/but lands north of Virginia
Mayflower Compact: early attempt at self-government in the English Colonies/41 men sign it
The Mayflower Compact
Late 1620, Pilgrims land at Plymouth Rock...present day Massachusetts

3. Pilgrims and Puritans...Continued
Samoset, a Native American boldly walks into the Plymouth colony in 1621
Samoset spoke broken English gave Pilgrims useful information about Plymouth
Pilgrims and Native Americans
First Thanksgiving celebrated between Pilgrims, Chief Massasoit, and the Wampanoag Indians
Pilgrim Community/Women in the Colony
Key difference between Plymouth and Jamestown colonies was family
Plymouth grew stronger in the mid 1620’s when new settlers arrived
Women’s rights in Plymouth were more varied than in England

4. Pilgrims and Puritans...Continued
Between → 40,000 Puritans leave England for New England/started Massachusetts Bay colony
Great Migration
John Winthrop: was leader of the Puritans/Colony's first governor
Puritans were prepared/by 1691 they had expanded to include the Pilgrims Plymouth Colony

5. Religion and Government in New England
Massachusetts Bay Colony set up a General Court to run the colony/Self government
Politics and Religion were closely linked in Puritan New England
Thomas Hooker: Minister who left Massachusetts to start Connecticut in 1636
Helped make Connecticut’s Government more democratic/Some historians call him “the father of American democracy”
Roger Williams: Minister who was kicked out of Massachusetts
started Providence/Later became colony of Rhode Island

6. Religion and Government in New England
Continued…..
Anne Hutchinson: believed people’s relationship with God did not need guidance from ministers
She was forced out of Massachusetts/helped start colony of Portsmouth/became part of Rhode Island

7. New England Economy
New England Colonies: Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire
Had a harsh climate and rocky soil/difficult to grow cash crops = little need for slaves
Most families only farmed for their own use
Merchants
Trade was important locally, with other colonies and overseas: furs, pickled beef, and pork

8. New England Economy
Became one of region’s leading industries: cod and halibut
Hunting whales with harpoons or spears/provided oil for lighting
Fishing/Whaling
Shipbuilding
New England had plenty of forests
The supply of wood enabled shipbuilders to construct vessels to meet the demands of various traders
Fisherman needed boats

9. New England Economy
Apprentice: A young boy who works with a master craftsman to learn a trade
Skilled trades included: blacksmithing, weaving, shipbuilding, and printing
Skilled Craftspeople

10. Education in the Colonies
General Court orders schools for townships of 50 families or more
New England colonists wanted their children to have an education because they believed that all children need to be able to read the bible.
Public Education
Higher Education
1636 John Harvard founded Harvard College
By 1700 about 70% of men and 45% of women could read and write.