1. Exploring Earth’s Surface 3.2
Chapter 3
Lesson 2

2. Lewis & Clark
What were the names of the men who journeyed west in the early 1800’s?
Historical Trivia:
What US President commissioned their expedition?
Thomas Jefferson (3rd President)
What years were they gone?
What main river did they travel west on?
Columbia River

3. Key Questions
What does the topography of an area include? What are the main types of landforms?

4. Topography
the shape of the land determined by elevation, relief and landforms

5. Elevation
the height above sea level of a point on Earth’s surface

6. Exploring Earth’s Surface
Lewis & Clark’s Journey
The route of the Lewis and Clark expedition crossed regions that differed greatly in elevation and relief. What were the highest and lowest points on their route?
Highest Point – Lemhi Pass in Rocky Mountains: 8,000 feet!
Lowest Point - St Louis (St. Charles, Missouri): feet

7. Relief
the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area
Flat/rolling land with low relief
(Small difference in elevation)
Huge mountains/ deep valleys with
High Relief
(great differences in elevation)

8. Landforms
a feature of topography, such as a hill or valley, formed by the processes that shape earth’s surface

9. Plain
landform made up of nearly flat or gently rolling land with low relief
Coastal Plains
From East and SE Coast
Low elevation / low relief
Interior Plains
Lies away from the coast
Broad interior plains of N.A. are called the Great Plains

10. Mountain land form with high elevation and high relief
This is Mt. Hood near Portland, Oregon

11. Mountain Range
group of mountains that are closely related in shape, structure, area and age

12. Plateau
landform that has high elevation and a more or less level surface
A plateau is rarely perfectly smooth on top.

13. Landform Regions
a large area of land where the topography is made up mainly of one type of landform

14. The United States has many different landform regions
The United States has many different landform regions. Identify Florida on the map.
Classify it by landform region.

15. Topographic Maps It is a representation of the earth’s surface
Contour Lines- are lines that are imaginary that join points of equal elevations. They have elevation numbers on them.
Index lines-thinner lines with no elevations marked on them

16. Mass Movement 3.3
Chapter 3
Lesson 3

17. Can you recall the cycle?
What are the 3 main parts of the cycle that tear down and build up the earth?
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition

18. Gravity the force that pulls everything toward the center of the earth
It pulls rock down slope
It can cause section of rocks to fall off cliffs
It can cause the movement of large amounts of sediment

19. Mass Movement Processes that move large amounts of sediment downhill
Mass movement can be rapid or slow
Erosion and deposition both take place during a mass movement event

20. 1. Landslide
Occurs when rock and soil slide quickly down a steep slope

21. 2. Mudflow
The rapid downhill movement of a mixture of water, rock and soil
Mudflows often occur after heavy rains in a normally dry area

22. 3. Slump A mass of rock and soil suddenly slips down a slope
Unlike a landslide, the material in a slump moves down in one large mass

23. 4. Creep The very slow downhill movement of rock and soil.
Often results from the freezing and thawing of water in cracked layers of rock beneath the soil

24. Mass Movement
The different types of mass movement include landslides, mudflows, slump, and creep.