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The Stormy Sixties
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Fidel Castro
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Bay of Pigs - 1961 1400 CIA trained Cuban exiles…
JFK cancelled air support…. Almost all killed or captured …
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Berlin Wall
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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Thirteen Days in October…
JFK blockades Cuba… “Hot Line”…
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“New Frontier”
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“Bobby Kennedy”
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November 22, 1963
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Lyndon Baines Johnson: 1964-1969
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Election of 1964
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LBJ “Great Society” “War on Poverty” Medicare Medicaid
Education/Head Start “War on Poverty”
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Tent Cities of Fayette & Haywood Counties
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Greensboro, NC
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1960 –Nashville Lunch Counters
Began at Walgreens…. Protestors are verbally and physically abused then arrested yet…
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Diane Nash Chicago Native – went to college at Fisk University (Nashville)… Nashville Lunch Counters Founder of SNCC Freedom Riders Selma March
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1961 – Freedom Riders CORE…
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1962 – Ole Miss James Meredith
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Birmingham Police – Eugene “Bull” Connor
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Martin Luther King Jr. – Letter from Birmingham Jail
1963 Demonstrations in Birmingham, AL Southern Christian Leadership Conference
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1963 – Birmingham 16th Street Baptist Church
KKK planted bomb went off just before Sunday School 4 killed, 22 wounded
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1963 – George Wallace
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1963 “I Have a Dream” March on Washington 200,000
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Civil Rights Act
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24th Amendment
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Selma to Montgomery
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“Bloody Sunday”
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Voting Rights Act
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Stokely Carmichael – “Black Power”
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Malcom X – Black Muslims
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Bobby Seale – Black Panthers
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Martin Luther King Jr. Assassinated by James Earl Ray in Memphis – 1968 Led to Civil Rights Act of 1968
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Alex Haley
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Counterculture “Hippies” Protest Vietnam War
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Vietnam: The 10,000 Day War
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1st Phase – Colonial Independence
French Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos)…. Ho Chi Minh
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France was defeated by Ho Chi Minh at Dien Bien Phu
Vietnam was divided at the 17th parallel Geneva Accords… Ngo Dinh Diem claimed control of the South The settlement reflected the U.S. policy of “containment”
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2nd Phase – American Involvement
This phase originated with “Ike” and JFK but was intensified under Lyndon Baines Johnson (LBJ) Gulf of Tonkin Incident
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Who Did We Fight? Viet Minh - (NVA) Ho Chi Minh’s communist North Vietnamese Army Viet Cong – (VC) South Vietnamese communist guerrilla fighters – commonly called “Charlie” by U.S. soldiers Farmers by day and guerillas at night grossly underestimated by the U.S. commanders
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Ho Chi Minh Trail
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A “Living Room War” Americans watched the war unfold on their TV each night… Body counts…
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American atrocities at My Lai …
Weapons like napalm and Agent Orange, which devastated the environment
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