1. Chapter 6.2
Urbanization

2. Americans Migrate to Cities
The numbers of Americans living in cities tripled in the years after the Civil War.
Immigrants had few options
Little money or education
Still had better lives
Cities offered new & exciting opportunities
Cities got fat and then tall
In what ways did technology influence the growth of cities?

3. Separation by Class High Society Middle Class
Lived in “districts” within the city
Nice houses, w/ servants
Men worked in business, women didn’t work
Middle Class
Doctors, lawyers, teachers
Moved out of cities to “street-car suburbs”
Growth of “women’s clubs” & other charitable organizations

4. Cont. The Working Class The Family Economy Rented in tenements
worked in factories
Parents & sometimes kids worked
The Family Economy
Typically white men made more $ than women & minorities
2/3’s of working families needed multiple incomes
Women take jobs – typically domestic service

5. Urban Problems Crime & Pollution Machine Politics
Cities breed crime – both minor & major
Disease & pollution were common challenges
Industry had no pollution restrictions
Bad sewers & drinking water caused lots of diseases
Machine Politics
Political machines & bosses
Graft – making money dishonestly through your job
Tammany Hall – the name of the political machine in New York City run by “Boss” Tweed