1. C# and the .NET Framework
Control Structures

2. Java relational and equality operators
Operator Symbol
Meaning
Example
<
less than
31 < 25
is false
<=
less than or equal to
464 <= 7213
is true
>
greater than
-98 > -12
>=
greater than or equal to
9 >= 99 ==
equal to
9 == !=
not equal to
292 != 377
Java relational and equality operators

3. The if Statement Type bool Two values, true and false if (condition)
if_true_statement
The condition is a bool expression. If it is true then the if_true_statement will be executed
if (x >2)
y = x + 17;

4. The sequence control flow
Entry
int item1 = 25;
int item2 = 12;
Item2 = item1+15;
Exit
The sequence control flow

5. Control flow for the if statement
true
condition
if_true_statement
false
Control flow for the if statement

6. The if-else statement Choose between two alternatives
if (condition) if ( x <= 20)
if_true_statement x += 5;
else else
if_false_statement x+=2;

7. Flow chart for the if-else statement
True
False
Condition
if_true_statement
if_false_statement
Flow chart for the if-else statement

8. Blocks Group a sequence of statements inside braces { x = 5; y = -8;
z = x*y; }
May use a block in an if or if-else statement

9. Scientific Notation Small or large numbers are hard to read
Use exponents instead
3.937E-8 instead of
5.88E12 instead of 5,880,000,000,000
E or e
E12 or E+12

10. Type double Provides about 16 decimal places
double length = E5; // exponent
double height 1.83; // fixed
+,-,*,/ operators

11. Formatted Output {0:E} Scientific default (three decimal places)
{0:F2} Fixed-point, two decimal places
{O:G} General, default (same as {0})

12. while statement Provides repetition while (condition)
while_true_statement
while (x < 10)
x += 2;
If x = 5, then x becomes 7, 9 before loop stops
x -= 4; //does not terminate if x starts at 5

13. while_true_statement
False
True
Condition
while_true_statement
Flow chart for the while loop

14. Pseudocode for the sum of test scores problem
Read the quantity of scores;
while(count < quantity) {
Read the next score;
Add the score to the total so far;
Increment the count of scores; }
Display the quantity and the total;
Pseudocode for the sum of test scores problem