1. WWI “THE GREAT WAR”

2. All were first cousins !!! King George V of England &
Czar Nicholas II of Russia
Kaiser William II of Germany &
Czar Nicholas II of Russia
All were first cousins !!!

3. M.A.I.N. Causes of WWI

4. Nations increase their military strength to reach their goals.
Militarism
Nations increase their military strength to reach their goals.
As this occurs, rivals feel threatened and build up their military strength too.

5. Alliances
Defense agreements between nations to aid each other, especially during war.

6. A nation’s desire to grow and expand its territories.
Imperialism
A nation’s desire to grow and expand its territories.

7. The feeling of intense pride and loyalty to one's country
Nationalism
The feeling of intense pride and loyalty to one's country
Two wounded British soldiers walk with wounded German soldier.
IE: Intense patriotism to the point that one is willing to sacrifice and even lay down their life.

8. Short Term Cause of WWI

9. Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, was the spark that caused the war, on June 28, 1914.

10. The Archduke was killed by 19 year old Gavrilio Princip member of the “Black Hand,” a Serbian nationalist group who believed Austro-Hungarian rule would destroy his homeland.

11. Picture during the arrest.

12. Watch the Dominos
Fall !!!

13. Austro-Hungarian Empire sent demands to Serbian government.
Serbia rejected demands.

14. Germany declared war on Russia (ally of Serbia)…
With the help of Germany, the Austro-Hungarian Empire declared war on Serbia…
Germany declared war on Russia (ally of Serbia)…

15. Great Britain declared war on Germany (ally sworn to protect Belgium).
Germany declared war on France (ally of Russia) and marched on neutral Belgium and Luxemburg.
Great Britain declared war on Germany (ally sworn to protect Belgium).

16. Before the end of WWI, over 35 countries would become entangled into the “Great War.”

17. Central Powers versus the Allies
Allied Powers
France
British Empire
Serbia
Belgium
Russia
1917 United States

18. Central Powers versus the Allies
German Empire
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria
Pictured: Kaiser Wilhelm II, Germany, Enver Pasha Ottoman Empire (Turkey), Emperor Franz Joseph, Austro Hungarian Empire (Austria/Hungary).

19. Reasons for United States Involvement in WWI
The U.S. could no longer remain neutral in face of increasing threats to its national interests.

20. What were the 4 reasons the United States entered into World War I?
1. The U.S. could no longer remain neutral; 2. the U.S. had close economic and political ties to England.

21. 3. German unrestricted submarine warfare (to prevent supplies from reaching England): sinking of the Lusitania
German unrestricted submarine warfare
The Germans shot at any ships without warning — a violation of international law

23. Interception of the Zimmerman Telegram
4. The Zimmerman Telegram offered Mexico the land it lost to the U.S. during the Mexican War if Mexico would align itself with Germany in the event that the U.S. entered the War.
This outraged Americans.

24. April 6, 1917: Congress declared war on Germany

25. What occurred when American troops went to war?
President Woodrow Wilson of the U.S. provided leadership during the war, along with his commander, General John Pershing, who led the American Expeditionary Force of American soldiers, called doughboys, in Europe.

26. On October 4, 1918 -the Germans requested an armistice, or an agreement to end the fighting.

27. The armistice began on November 11, 1918.
11th day, 11th month, 11thhour

29. United States leadership as the war ended

30. January 1919 – world leaders gather in Paris, France for a peace conference.

31. At the end of World War I, President Wilson prepared a peace plan, called the Fourteen Points.

32. This plan called for the formation of the League of Nations, which would be a peacekeeping organization.

33. The Allies disagreed on how to “punish” the Central Powers.
Wilson did not want to punish them – other allies sought revenge.

34. Eventually, Germany was forced to accept responsibility for the war and agree to pay money for war damages…
No more weapons.
No more colonies.

35. Countries who made up the Treaty of Versailles and their leaders…
U. S.  President Wilson
Britain  David Lloyd George
France  George Clemenceau
Italy  Victorio Orlando

36. American Opposition
Wilson presented the Treaty of Versailles to the U.S. Senate in July 1919 for ratification.
The Senate had to approve the treaty before the U.S could officially accept it.
Many Americans did not trust the idea of a League of Nations.

37. American Opposition
The Treaty of Versailles was rejected in 1920 by the United States.
The U.S. did NOT join the League of Nations.
In 1921 the U.S. signed a separate treaty with each of the Central Powers, officially ending the war.

38. World War I Ends