1. Whip Around What is your best scar story?
Be prepared to share quickly with us.

2. Chapter 10 Managing Anxiety and Delivering Your Speech
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

3. On a separate sheet of paper answer:
List five experiences that give you the most anxiety. Rate them 1 (little anxiety) to 5 (lots of anxiety).
Now list public speaking and rate it 1 (little anxiety) to 5 (lots of anxiety).

4. Qualities of Effective Speakers
Ethics
Knowledge
Preparation
Self-Confidence

5. Managing Speech Anxiety
Speech Anxiety—a multisystem response that creates a combination of biochemical changes in the body in a communication situation. Fear of speaking before an audience.
Communication Apprehension—the most severe form of speech anxiety; an anxiety syndrome associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons.
How do you feel when you are anxious?
Photo from chapter 10 page 256
© Cleve Bryant/PhotoEdit Inc.
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

6. Managing Speech Anxiety
Communication Apprehension
People with communication apprehension believe their silence offers great advantages than speaking out or that the disadvantages of communicating outweigh potential gains.
Among the fears of those with communication anxiety is speaking before a group.
Communication apprehension often begins at an early age as a result of negative feedback.

7. Managing Speech Anxiety: Causes
Fear of
Physical unattractiveness
Social inadequacy
Criticism
Unknown
Conflicting emotions
Excitement from anticipation

8. Symptoms of Speech Anxiety http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8PP3QU7wjI
Quivering, too soft, monotone, too fast, non-emphatic
Voice
Stammering, halting, awkward pauses, hunting for words, speech blocks
Fluency
Breathing heavily, clearing throat, swallowing repeatedly
Mouth and throat
No eye contact, rolling eyes, tense facial muscles, grimaces, twitches
Facial expressions
Rigid and tense, waving hands
Arms and hands
Swaying, pacing, shuffling feet, weight shifts
Body movement
Feeling too warm, too much saliva, dry mouth, butterflies in the stomach
Nonvisible symptoms
Adapted from “A. Mulac and A.R. Sherman, “Behavior Assessment of Speech Anxiety,” Quarterly Journal of Speech 60,2 (April 1974): 138
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

9. Anxiety (Continued) Speech Anxiety in Other Cultures
Treating Speech Anxiety
Systematic desensitization
Systematic technique designed to reduce the tenseness associated with anxiety
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

10. Managing Speech Anxiety
Treating Speech Anxiety and Apprehension
Systematic desensitization is a relaxation technique designed to reduce tenseness associated with anxiety.
Meditation is a practice of spending time in quiet thought to help relax and focus one on the tasks at hand.

11. Extemporaneous Delivery
Methods of Delivery
Impromptu Delivery
Manuscript Delivery
Memorized Delivery
Extemporaneous Delivery
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

12. Methods of Delivery
Impromptu Delivery
The delivery of a speech with little or no formal planning or preparation is called impromptu delivery.
This differs from other methods by forcing speakers to depend solely on their ability to think on their feet.
Manuscript Delivery
Reading a speech word for word is known as manuscript delivery.
Use a manuscript delivery for situations in which every word, phrase, and sentence must be stated precisely.

13. Methods of Delivery
Memorized Delivery
Memorized delivery requires you to memorize your speech in its entirety.
The advantage is that you can focus more on delivery and less on what you have to say.
Extemporaneous Delivery
In extemporaneous delivery, you use a carefully prepared and researched speech but deliver it from notes with a high degree of spontaneity.
This is the most commonly used method in speech classrooms.

14. Vocal and Physical Aspects of Delivery
Vocal Aspects
Vocal Quality
Overall impression a speaker’s voice makes on his or her listeners.
Intelligibility
Vocal volume, distinctiveness of sound, clarity of pronunciation, articulation, and stress placed on delivery
Vocal Variety
Variations in rate, force, and pitch
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

15. Vocal and Physical Aspects of Delivery
Vocal Aspects
The combination of rate, force, and pitch variations that add to a speaker’s overall vocal quality is called vocal variety.
Rate is the speed at which a speaker speaks.
A pause is a brief stop to gain attention, add emphasis, separate, or otherwise punctuate ideas.
The intensity and volume of the voice is called force.
Pitch refers to how high or low the voice is on a tonal scale.

16. Vocal and Physical Aspects of Delivery
Personal appearance refers to what a speaker looks like and the way a speaker dresses, grooms, and presents him- or herself.
Body movement includes posture and purposeful movement.
Gestures are movements of the head, arms, or hands that help to illustrate, emphasize, or clarify an idea.

17. Vocal and Physical Aspects of Delivery
Facial expressions are configurations of the face that can reflect, augment, contradict, or be unrelated to a speaker’s verbal delivery.
Eye contact is the extent to which a speaker looks directly at audience members.

18. Aspects (Continued) Physical Aspects Personal appearance Body movement
Facial expressions
Eye contact
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

19. What Are Some Distracting Speaker Behaviors?
rapid speech
monotone
mumbling
awkward pauses
hands in pockets
playing with hair
looking at floor or ceiling
tense, rigid
sloppy posture
swaying
dancing
leaning on podium
weight shifts
crossing legs
Copyright © 2008 by Allyn and Bacon

20. Presentational Aids Benefits of Presentational Aids
Presentational aids are materials and equipment that speakers may use to enhance content and delivery.
Presentational aids make a speech understandable and memorable.
They enhance speaker credibility.
They create audience attention and interest.
They provide support.
They help with delivery.

21. Learning Styles Read and Auditory Write Listen Process Comprehension
Visual
PowerPoint
Pictures
Graphics
Charts
Kinesthetic
Touch
Experience
Take Apart
Reassemble
Read and
Write
Comprehension
Auditory
Listen
Process

22. Choosing and Using Presentational Aids
Aids should serve a need
Aids should be planned and adapted to the audience and the situation.
Aids should not dominate or take over the presentation.
Aids should look as professionally prepared as possible.
Aids should be practical—easy to prepare, use, and transport
Aids that are not original require documentation
Visuals should only contain one idea, etc.
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

23. Types of Presentational Aids
Computer-Generated Images
Video and Digitized Video Clips
Real Objects
Models
Photographs, Drawings, and Diagrams
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

24. Presentation Software
Deciding when to use PowerPoint or Prezi in Your Presentations
Neither is always the best presentational aid.
You do not have to use software just because it is available.
Creating Effective PowerPoint or Prezi Presentations
Choose background colors and designs that are clear, clean, and not too busy.
Serif fonts are clean and easy to read.
Display your presentation only when referring to it.
Use graphics and pictures sparingly.

25. Presentation Software
Using Presentational Aids: Who’s Really in Control?
Remember that you are in control of your presentation.
If you’ve done what’s recommended in this text, you will feel poised and confident.
If you know your topic, have prepared well, and practiced carefully, your chances of recovering from a mishap increases significantly.

26. Practice Your Delivery
Practice, practice, practice.
There is no magic amount of time to make your delivery perfect.
Start with small segments, and then practice the entire speech.
If possible, practice in the same room where you will speak (or at least under similar conditions).

27. Informative Speech Assignment
Questions?
Comments?
Concerns?
Remember:
Visual aid
Outline (2 copies)
Grade rubric

28. Group Project Check-In
Get into your groups.
I am coming around to evaluate progress and help you all push forward with your projects as they are due in less than 2 weeks.