1. MICROBIOLOGY Practical Class
FOUNDATION BLOCK (2017)
Dr . Malak M. El-Hazmi
& Dr. Khalifa Binkhamis

2. MICROBIOLOGY

3. Microscopic examination. culture. Serological tests (Ab).
Laboratory diagnosis of infections . ID
Microscopic examination.
culture.
Serological tests (Ab).
Detection of Ag.
Molecular method .

4. Types of specimens

5. Bacteriology

6. Gram Stain
G- bacilli

7. Bacterial cell wall

8. Bacterial Shapes and Arrangements

9. Gram-positive bacilli Gram-negative bacilli
Gram Stain
Gram-positive bacilli
Gram-positive cocci
Gram-negative bacilli
Gram-negative cocci

10. GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA

11. GRAM POSITIVE COCCI

12. GRAM POSITIVE COCCI

13. GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA

14. Gram negative cocci
(Diplococci )
e.g Neisseria
Gram negative bacilli
e.g E. coli
Salmonella

15. Gram positive cocci in chain Streptococci
Gram positive cocci in clusters
Staphylococci Rx
Penicillin
Cephalosporin
cloxacillin
Cephalosporin
if MRSA vancomycin

16. Streptococcus pneumoniae
A gram-stained smear of a CSF sample from a 3 year old child seen in the emergency department presenting with fever and neck stiffness.
Gram-positive diplococci & pus cells
Streptococcus pneumoniae

17. This is a bacterium isolated from a child with sore throat and tonsillitis .
A: Describe the Gram stain
Gram positive
B: Describe the shape and arrangement of the bacteria
Cocci in chains

18. Following is the Gram stained smear of an organism isolated from
a wound infection.
Describe what you see in the slide above.
Gram-positive cocci in clusters
What is the likely organism ?
Staphylococcus aureus

19. complaining of urethral discharge
Following is the Gram-stained smear of from urethra of a 25 –year old male
complaining of urethral discharge
Describe the Gram stain of the intracellular bacteria
Gram negative
Describe the shape of the bacteria
cocci ( diplococci)

20. Describe its shape Describe the Gram stain of this organism:
Gram negative
Describe its shape
bacilli ( rods )

21. Bacterial Culture Media
Purpose
Type of Media
Suppression of unwanted microbes; encouraging desired microbes.
Selective
Differentiation of colonies of desired microbes from others.
Differential
Similar to selective media but designed to increase number of desired microbes to detectable levels.
Enrichment

22. Bacterial Culture Media
Enriched medium
(Chocolate Agar)
General culture medium
(Blood Agar)
Selective medium
(Thiosulphate citrate bile salt sucrose TCBS)
Differential medium (MacConkey Agar)

23. Bacteria culturing 2-streaking 1-Inoculation 3-Incubation
Laboratory Incubator

26. Identification of streptococci by hemolytic reaction
No haemolysis
Colonies are surrounded by partial hemolysis with greenish color
Colonies are surrounded by clear zone of hemolysis complete hemolysis
Gamma-hemolytic Streptococcus colonies
Enterococcus faecalis
Alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus colonies
St. pneumoniae
Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus colonies
St. pyogenes

27. Identification of streptococci by hemolytic reaction
Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus colonies
Alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus colonies
Gamma-hemolytic Streptococcus colonies

28. GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA

29. MacConkey's agar (Deferential medium)
non-lactose fermenting colonies
salmonella
Lactose fermenting colonies
E. coli
MacConkey's agar

30. Antibiotic susceptibility testings
Biochemical testings
To confirm
the identity
of bacteria.
Antibiotic susceptibility testings

31. Sensitivity testing

32. Automated instrument for identification and susceptibility testings

33. This is a general culture medium used for culture of bacteria.
Blood agar
This is a general culture medium used for culture of bacteria.

34. This is a blood agar growing beta hemolytic streptococci.

35. This culture was grown from a sputum specimen of a 60 year old man complaining of cough, fever and chest pain.
α hemolytic streptococci on blood agar

37. Name the medium
Blood agar
Name its most important ingredient (constituent)
Blood
Name its main use
Culture and isolate bacteria

38. This is a special stain for a sputum of a patient complaining of chronic cough , fever loss of appetite and blood in coughed sputum.
A: Name the bacterium :
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B: Name the disease
tuberculosis

39. VIROLOGY

40. Viral structure
Icosahedral Virus
Helical Virus

41. Viral Classification

42. Viral Electron Micrographs
Adenovirus
Herpes virus
Influenza Viruses
Rabies virus

43. Herpes simplex virus -1 : Herpesviridae
Enveloped virus
Icosahedral capsid
d.s DNA genome
Loose envelope

44. These are electron micrographs of a virusَ.
Herpes virus
Q1: Name this virus
Enveloped virus ,
Icosahedral capsid,
d.s DNA genome
Q2: Describe its structure.

45. Adenovirus : Adenoviridae
Nonenveloped virus
Icosahedral capsid
d.s DNA genome
Only V with fiber

46. This is an electron micrograph of a virus.
Adenovirus
Q1: Name this virus
Nonenveloped virus, with fiber
Icosahedral capsid & d.s DNA genome
Q2: Describe its structure.

47. Rabies virus: Rhabdoviridae
Enveloped virus
Helical capsid
s.s RNA genome
Bullet shape

48. This is an electron micrograph of a virus
Q1: Name this virus
Rabies virus
Enveloped virus , Helical capsid
& s.s RNA genome
Q2: Describe its structure.

49. Influenza Viruses : Orthomyxoviridae
Enveloped V & spikes
Helical capsid
Segmented s.s RNA
Pleomorphic shape

50. This is an electron micrograph of a virus
Q1: Name this virus
Influenza Viruses
Enveloped Virus with spikes ,
Helical capsid ,Segmented s.s RNA
Q2: Describe its structure

51. parasitology

52. Classification of Parasites
Helminths
Protozoa
Mulicellular
Specialized cells
Unicellular
Single cell for all function
Round worms
(Nematodes) cylindrical,
unsegmented
Flat worms
1-Trematodes:
leaf-like, unsegmented.
2-Cestodes:
tape-like, segmented
Amoebae:
move by psudobodia.
Flagellates:
move by flagella.
Ciliates :
move by cilia
Apicomplexa
(sporozoa) Tissue
parasites

53. Ascaris lumbricoides (roundworm)
Ascaris adult

54. Taenia saginata
Cestodes

55. The Trematodes

56. Giardia lamblia trophozoite
Two nuclei,
each with central karyosome
Four pairs of flagella

57. Giardia lamblia cyst Mature, infective cyst, containing 4 nuclei
Note a straight axoneme running longitudinally

59. LICE
Louse(singular) , Lice (pleural)
Pediculus humanus

60. Phlebotomus ( sand fly)

61. Mosquitoes :

62. Following is the microphotograph of an organism found in
the upper part of the small intestine .
Name the Organism
Giardia lamblia
What is the Stage?
Trophozoite stage

63. Following is the microphotograph of an organism found in stools
Name the Organism
Giardia lamblia
What is the Stage?
Cyst stage

64. mycology

65. Fungi can be divided to two types based on morphology
A B
Based on morphology, name the two fungal structures in A and B?
A: Yeast B: Mould fungi
e.g. Candida e.g. Aspergillus

66. Microscopic appearance of yeast and mould fungi
A B
Name the two fungal structures in A and B?
A: Budding yeast cells B: Branching Fungal hyphae
e.g. Candida e.g. Aspergillus

67. End B