1. Chapter 1 Section 3
The Constitution

2. A. Problems with the Articles of Confederation 1783-1789
No Executive- who is in charge?
No revenue- government cannot tax the people
Had to rely on donations from the people for income
Representative unbalanced

4. Shays rebellion Weaknesses demonstrated by Shay’s Rebellion
Farmers shut down courts
Massachusetts troopers had to be sent to suppress the revolt

5. 1787 Constitutional Convention
James Madison
Virginia Plan- large republic would be more stable
Bicameral legislature
President to command armed forces
New Jersey Plan
Congress can regulate commerce and taxes
Unicameral legislature representing all states as equals
Stay a loose confederation

6. 1787 Constitutional Convention
Write new constitution-not revise old
12 states
Ratification by ¾’s
9 of the 13 states needed to ratify

8. C. Major Concepts Federalism Separation of powers-Montesquieu
Dividing power between state and federal government
Separation of powers-Montesquieu
Checks and Balances

10. D. A Bundle of Compromises
The Great Compromise
Senate: Two per State
House: by Population
The 3/5’s Compromise
An enslaved person counted as 3/5ths toward total population
The Final Compromise-a Bill of Rights

12. E. Struggle for Ratification
Federalists v Anti-Federalists
The Federalist Papers
Hamilton#51
Madison #10
Jay
A Bill of Rights seals the deal

14. F. The Bill of Rights