1. Warm Up!!
Define the term Enlightenment. What were enlightened thinkers?
What were John Locke’s main ideas about government? What book did he write that expressed his main ideas?
What does “influence” mean? Who has been the most influential person of your life and why?

2. Fact or Fiction?
Fact or Fiction? Monkeys and apes groom each other by picking off flees and ticks. And they actually eat them?
Fiction! They’re actually removing dead skin…but they do eat it.
Fact or Fiction? If you get arrested, you’re entitled to make ONE phone call?
Fiction! There is no law anywhere that guarantees this. Its just a courtesy or privilege offered, not a legal right.

3. Revolutions in the Americas
Introduction
The Enlightenment influenced documents and writers of the American Revolution

4. Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson
Incorporated Enlightenment ideas such as John Lock’s natural rights.
Constitution and Bill of Rights
Influenced by Montesquieu – separation of powers

5. Toussaint L’Overture – led independence movement for Haiti against France
Simon Bolivar – Led independence movement for South America against Spain

6. The French Revolution Introduction
The French Revolution was influenced by the American Revolution and the Enlightenment.
Frenchmen saw the success of the American colonies and wanted to change their government.

7. French Society
The French monarchy was wealthy, however 98% of the Frenchman were poor peasants and lacked any rights.

8. French people belonged to one of three estates that determined their legal rights and status:
First Estate- Catholic clergy
Second Estate- Nobles
Third Estate- Everyone else
Members of the third estate began calling for a change in the system.

9. The Estates General
Each estate had one vote regardless of population  Not proportional
3rd estate wanted more votes because they had more people.
The third estate was then locked out of voting in the Estates General

10. Broke away and formed their own committee, The National Assembly.
King Louis XVI insisted that all three estates meet to come to an agreement over taxation.
Fearing that the king planned to dissolve the Estates General, the 3rd estate stormed the Bastille, a prison in Paris, on July 14,1789.
This was the beginning of the French Revolution.

11. The Storming of the Bastille

12. End of the Absolute Monarchy of Louis XVI
After the Storming of Bastille, Louis XVI’s powers were limited by a new constitution.
The peasants (mob) still feared Louis XVI’s return to the throne.
Louis XVI feared for his life, tried to leave France, and was captured.
Tried and beheaded by the National Convention.
Called for no more monarchs, only a legislature (people ruled)

13. The Reign of Terror – lasted from July 1793 to July 1794
During the Reign of Terror, people who opposed the new French government were hunted down and executed.
People who supported the monarchy were killed.

14. Many were sentenced because of false statements made by hostile neighbors.
By mid-1794, people were tired of the revolution, killing, and chaos and wanted to return to a monarchy.

15. Napoleon The Savior of France!!
In 1804, Napoleon named himself emperor of France.
Had been a military general who gained respect of the citizens.
The Savior of France!!

16. As emperor, he restructured the government.
He created the Bank of France and taxed all citizens.
Made French law fair and consistent, wrote the Napoleonic Code
Lasting Legacy
Based on enlightenment ideas
Placed the state above the individual, and gave limited freedoms.