1. ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS (2D)
ISOMETRIC (3D)
FROM
ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS (2D)
I. ISOMETRIC, freehand proportionate sketching.
ISOMETRIC, View (i.e. Drawing)
[Dimensions in ISO. = Dimension in Ortho.]
III. ISOMETRIC PROJECTIONS
Using Isometric Scale.
Using Projections techniques.

2. Aim:- Figure-1, shows the F. V. & T. V
Aim:- Figure-1, shows the F.V. & T.V. of a simple vertical rectangular plane of size LH. Draw its isometric view, for (a) R.H.S.V. & (b) L.H.S.V. a’ b’ H d’ c’ L
F.V. a b d c
T.V.
Figure-1

3. MN, is the base line for isometric axes.
PQ, is the isometric axis (vertical) for Fig.1(a)
PR, is the isometric axis ( horizontal),for R.H.S.V. for Fig.1(a) at 30º with base line MN. P Q A
Note:- The diagonal line a’c’ in ortho. View increases in its iso. View (Fig.1-a), as AC (known as, non isometric line) R B D H L X C M N
Figure-1(a)

4. MN, is the base line for isometric axes.
PQ, is the isometric axis (vertical) for Fig.1(b)
PS, is the isometric axis ( horizontal),for L.H.S.V. for Fig.1(b) at 30º with base line MN. P Q B
Note:- The diagonal line a’c’ in ortho. View decreases in its iso. View (Fig. 1-b), as AC (known as, non isometric line) S A C H L D X M N
Figure-1(b)

5. Figure shows the Top View of a rectangular plane of 100 x 70
Figure shows the Top View of a rectangular plane of 100 x 70. Draw its isometric view i) for R.H.S.V & ii) for L.H.S.V. a b 70 d c
100
T.V.

6. A 70
100 D B X C
30
ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE HORIZONTAL RECTANGULAR PLANE (100 X 70) for its R.H.S.V.

7. B
100 C A 70 X D
30
ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE HORIZONTAL RECTANGULAR PLANE (100 X 70) for its L.H.S.V.

8. ISOMETRIC VIEW OF SIMPLE PLANES
Aim:-Figure shows the F.V.of a cut geometric plane.Draw its Isometric view . (i)For R.H.S.V.
& (ii)For L.H.S.V. ? b’ c’ a’ d’
30 H R g’ f’ e’ L
F.V.

9. Darken the required arc FD with center C2
30 a’ b’ d’ f’ g’ L H R ?
Darken the required arc FD with center C2 A ? L
-: Solution :- B
AB=a’ b’
ED=EF=R H
30 R2 C
Now, only the Quadrant of a circle
(L.H.S. upward), is to be drawn using Four center method. R G D R1 C2 F C3 E X C1 C4
(i)
30

10. c’ e’
30 a’ b’ d’ f’ g’ L H R ? C A B D E F G L H
30 ? X
30
(ii)

11. Aim:-Figure shows the T. V. of a cut geometric plane
Aim:-Figure shows the T.V. of a cut geometric plane. Draw its Isometric, (i)For R.H.S.V.
& (ii) For L.H.S.V. ? d f b c e R D
30 i j D1
45 g a L1 h k L2 L
T.V.

12. Draw, J I // AG ( at a distance of D1 )h k L1 a b c e d f g i j L D L2
45 D1
T.V.
30 ? R
BC=bc= ?
ED=EF=R
AK=ak=L1
GH=gh=L2
Draw, J I // AG ( at a distance of D1 )
Note :- (1) MJ=KM=D1, as angle jka=45
(2) Angle JKA & Angle IHG are not 45 in isometric. B ? D C
30 D A J
45 M L1 R D1 E K N L H I F
45 L2 X G
(i)
30

13. Draw, J I // AG ( at a distance of D1 )h k L1 a b c e d f g i j L D L2
45 D1
T.V.
30 ? R
Note :- (1) MJ=KM=D1, as angle jka=45
(2) Angle JKA & Angle IHG are not 45 in isometric.
BC=bc= ?
AK=ak=L1
Draw, J I // AG ( at a distance of D1 ) D D1 H J
(ii)
30
45 L1 ? L2 R X A B C E F G I K N M L

14. Draw the Iso.View of a regular Pentagonal plane of 40mm sides, with one side normal to V.P. & the plane is in H.P. X a’ b’ c’ Y e’ d’
90° d s r e g 40 c R a D b C p q
2 D G S Q E B 40 A X P
3 D

15. O’
Draw the Iso.View of a Pentagonal Pyramid, having base sides 40mm, axis 60mm long,when its base is in H.P.with a side of it normal to V.P. 60 X g’ a’ b’ c’ Y e’ d’ d e O 60 40 O c g R a D C b G
2 D S Q E B 40 A
3 D X P

16. Aim:- Figure shows the orthographic projections of a cut simple block
Aim:- Figure shows the orthographic projections of a cut simple block. Draw its appropriate Pictorial ( Isometric ) view, giving the dimensions.
NOTE: The appropriate Isometric will be,considering its R.H.S.V.
( which is not given & is to be added as a missed view).

17. 55 A B 15 20 60 55 a b c d
R.H.S.V.
F.V. 15 20 30 55
Normally, dotted lines are not drawn in Iso. View, unless specifically required to reveal the object perfectly. 1 2 3
T.V.
Figure

18. 1 A a 2 3 b c B d ISOMETRIC VIEW X20 30
ISOMETRIC VIEW 1 20 40 A a 2 35 3 15 b c B 15 30 d 55 X 15
NOTE:- IN R.H.S.MISSED VIEW, THE AREAS, A & B ARE SEEN AND IS DRAWN IN ITS CORROSPONDING SPACE

19. Figure shows Front View and Top View of a machine parts
Figure shows Front View and Top View of a machine parts. Sketch its isometric view & dimension it.

20. SQ.HOLE OF 20 20 70 30
30°
R25 C B A D
F.V. 70 20 10 b2 a c b1
T.V.

21. ISOMETRIC VIEW
SQ.HOLE OF 20 a 25 10 C c 95 B A 20 b2
30° b1 20 30 25 D 20
115 X 50 20

22. III. A
The Front View of the Top Face of a Cube having edges “e” (with one of the body diagonal line, normal D
to V.P. ) is to be treated as ISOMETRIC of the Top Face of the Cube (with a side parallel to V.P.) d’
45°
30° A m’ C
All the edges Top face edges, base face edges and 4 vertical edges of the cube are reduced in its isometric view, in the stated condition. a’ c’ M b’
a’d’= f (AD) B

23. Cos 30º = a’m’/a’d’ ----- (1)
From (1) & (2)
a’m’ = a’d’ cos30º = AD cos45º C A B D
45°
30° a’ b’ c’ d’
a’d’= f (AD) m’ M
i.e. a’d’ = AD cos45º/cos 30
e x 1/ 2
3 / 2 =
i.e. a’d’ = AD x 2/3
i.e. ISOMETRIC LENGTH = (0.815 x ACTUAL LENGTH)

24. Aim : Figure shows the F. V & T. V of a stepped block
Aim : Figure shows the F.V & T.V of a stepped block. Draw its ISOMETRIC PROJECTIONS, Using projection techniques. 1 2, 3 4 5 7 6 g f a b, c d e
Top View e’ c’ d’ 5’ 3’ 4’ a’ b’ 1’ 2’ 7’ 6’ g’ f’
Front View

25. Note : The F.V. is tilted at 15° with base line M1 M2.
The T.V. is tilted at 45° with another base line M3 M4.
In actual Isometric projected view all the dimensions are reduced to (2/3)½ or 9/11 = times its original lengths.
All the F.V & T.V. points are identified with proper notations to locate the points in projected isometric view.

26. ISO. (Projected) View (Known as ISO. Projection) b’ a’ f’5 4 6 f e 3 2 d
b,c 1 7
T.V. g
45° M3 M4 a 5 4 E D 3 C 6 2 F 1 B A 7 G e’ d’ c’ 5’
ISO. (Projected) View (Known as ISO. Projection) 4’ 3’ b’ a’ 2’ 6’ f’ 1’
F.V.
30° 7’
15° M1 g’ M2

27. Procedure to draw ISO.Projection
(1) F.V. & T.V. are tilted as mentioned, and drawn such that ISO.Projected View should not overlap on drawn views.
(2) From F.V. draw lines(Proj.) at 30°, while from top view vertically downward as third angle is used.
(3) Get the frontal plane as A,B,_ _ _ _ _,G from a’,b’_ _ _ _ _ _,g’& a,b _ _ _,g.
(4) Similarly rear plane as 1,2, _ _ _ _,7,from 1’,2’,_ _ _ & 1,2,_ _ _ _ 7.

28. Draw its pictorial (ISOMETRIC)view, giving the dimensions.
Aim:-
Figure shows the F.V. & T.V. of a machine component.
Figure
Draw its pictorial (ISOMETRIC)view, giving the dimensions. 20
R30 15
F.V. 20 15 30 30
R10 15 20
120 40
T.V.

29. Note 1:- The machine component is splitted into four different parts, for its iso. sketching, with bottom base part as first drawn.
Note 2:-The circularity or part of that of Ortho.View, is to be drawn in Iso view as an ellipse or part of that using “four center method”,as explained earlier.
Note 3:- Such components may be drawn in iso., by area (plane)wise w.r.t F.V, T.V & S.V directions. Never prefer “box method” for such components.

30. Solution ISOMETRIC VIEW 20 Split-II 60 See, Note 2 20 20 Split-III 15
Split-IV 65 15
ISOMETRIC VIEW
R10 30
120
Split-I 30
See, Note 2 15

31. Aim:- Sketch shows the Orthographic views of a machine component
Aim:- Sketch shows the Orthographic views of a machine component. Draw its appropriate Isometric view, using “splitting the object into pieces” techniques. Give the dimensions on the ISOMETRIC VIEW drawn.

32. 20
R40 40 30 50 90
40
Sketch
T.V. 30 10 20 80
R.H.S.V. (missed view) may be added here in height & depth range
F.V.

33. Dimensions must be given on the Isometric view, which are not shown here.25 20 10 C 50 30 30 20 40 50 B 20 80 20 70
Ø30
R40
R15 20 90 25
80x80 square 20 A D 25

34. Exercise
Figure shows the Orthographic views of a machine component. Draw its Isometric view.
Give the dimensions as per aligned system.

35. 80
Ø30
R30 35 20 40 10 c 15 25 60
120 A B b a
L.H.S.V.
FRONT VIEW
FIGURE
NOTE:- The front view areas are A & B,
while the side view areas are a, b & c.

36. B c b a A ISOMETRIC X VIEW ø30 R30 60 20 25 15 35 15 40 20 10 120 40
Solution
ø30
R30 60 B 25 20 c 35 15 20 15 40 20
120 10 b a 80 A 40
ISOMETRIC
VIEW X