1. Lebanon Jobs Pilot
April 18, 2016

2. Lebanon: The highest displaced per capita country in the world
Newcomers represent over a quarter of the Lebanese pre-crisis population (around 4.2 million), leading to the highest refugee per capita ratio in the world

3. 9/13/2018
5.9 m population (4.2 m 5 years ago) m displaced Syrians (1.1 registered) 1.5 m vulnerable Lebanese ,000 Palestinian refugees 56% of population vulnerable (27% 5 years ago)
Since the onset of the Syrian crisis in February 2011, around 1.1 million Syrians have crossed the border between Lebanon and Syria and are officially registered as refugees
Refugee influx started in April 2011, small numbers
Between January 2012 and July 2014, almost 1.2 million people arrived
Official numbers have declined slightly since GOL introduced new entry requirements in January 2015, limiting entry of Syrians to 9 categories, with very limited options for humanitarian entry of refugees
Currently 1.07 million registered – estimates of non-registered vary, maybe between 100,000 and 200,000
UNHCR registration – iris scans, renewals every 12 to 18 months
Some may be leaving either to Syria, or onward migration to Europe, majority of departures before the new Turkish visa requirements were of Syrians coming from Syria and transiting directly through Lebanon in 24 hours
No camps, refugees live all over the country, in over 1,600 locations
Almost 20% live in informal settlements
50% live in substandard shelter – informal settlements, garages, basement, unfinished buildings

4. Brief context 25% of the Lebanese pre-crisis population
Deeply exacerbated local pre-crisis jobs challenge
Weak and insufficient job creation  main causes of high unemployment rates
Lebanese labor force is expected to increase by around 35%
Competition for low-quality, low-skilled jobs will likely become intense  contributing to higher levels of unemployment and poverty
92% of refugees are working
Crisis impacting Lebanon’s own development prospect
Unprecedented supply side shock  innovative solutions and initiatives
Measures needed not only to manage and mitigate supply side outcomes but also, critically, to stimulate the demand for jobs
 GOL proposing a flagship program to trigger private sector business expansion and create formal jobs for both Lebanese workers and Syrian refugees.
First piloted to assess its credibility, effectiveness and impact
Embedded impact evaluation design
. Deeply exacerbating local Lebanese jobs challenge which the country was facing even before the Syrian conflict started. Weak and insufficient private sector job creation is one of the main causes of persistently high unemployment rates, estimated at 11% in 2009 (especially amongst youth at 34 percent), and as high as 20% by the end of 2014.
Hugh supply shock happening when lebanon faces difficuluties in :
Creating jobs
Attracting investment
While not all of Syrian refugees are of working age or active in the labor force, they face an immediate struggle for their livelihood and pressures to generate income, and are thus more likely to enter the labor market than either the Lebanese host population or than Syrians in their home market. The 2013 WB study for example, estimated that women of working age coming to Lebanon are four times more likely to enter the labor market - while only 12% of women aged participated in the labor market in Syria, 47% of the refugees do.
It is estimated that the Lebanese labor force is expected to increase by around 35%, with major changes taking place among women and youth.
Competition between Lebanese and Syrian workers for low-quality, low-skilled jobs will likely become intense, contributing to higher levels of unemployment and poverty among the host population.
92% of refugees are working and indications are that their LFPR is higher than Lebanese

5. Lebanon Pilot: Capital for Jobs (C4J)
SPECIAL SAVINGS SCHEME FOR SYRIAN
CONNECTING WORKERS TO JOBS
CREATING JOBS
Many programs have supported SMEs to promote growth, competitiveness, productivity, but here the support is focused on creating jobs. But in providing those services some might subsidies labor for capital but we do not want that, we want them to create jobs for the services they receive.
Services are provided with a conditionality (such as a 3 years time period) and we will be monitoring them to make sure that they create jobs. We could for example provide some portion of the grant at the end, we could provide penalizes for those who do not meet the requirements (penalties, etc). This will all depend on the design.
Demand side interventions to promote investments in MSMEs conditional on job creation
Supply side interventions to connect Lebanese and Syrians to jobs
A special savings scheme for Syrian workers employed through the program that can only be cashed out once they leave the country
Counseling
Access to markets
Identification, registration
Identification, registration
Wage subsidy
Matching grants
Interventions (employment services)
Financial/non-financial services
Intermediation, job search assistance
Managerial practices
Delivery mechanism
Delivery mechanism
Training
Advisory services

6. For more information, visit worldbank.org/jobsanddevelopment
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