1. 5.1 Classifying Solutions
Chemistry 20 - Chapter 5
5.1 Classifying Solutions

2. Matter Can Be Classified

3. Solutions
Are homogeneous mixtures of substances composed of at least one solute and one solvent.

4. Solutions
Solute - a pure substance (s, l, or g) that is dissolved in a solvent.
Solvent - a pure substance in which a solute is dissolved.

5. Solutions solutes and solvents can be gases, liquids, or solids.
most common solvent is water
water based solutions are the focus of this chapter

6. Electrolytes solutions that contain dissolved ions are electrolytes
these solutions conduct electricity (conductivity tester)
formed when ionic solids are dissolved or when acids are added to water

7. Non-electrolytes do not conduct electricity no ions present
non-soluble ionic compounds and molecular compounds form non-electrolytic solutions when dissolved in water

8. Acidic, Basic, or Neutral?
test with litmus paper
acids turn blue litmus to red but have no effect on red litmus
e.g. HCl (aq), H2SO4(aq)
bases turn red litmus to blue but have no effect on blue litmus
e.g. NaOH(aq), Ba(OH)2(aq)

9. Acidic, Basic, or Neutral?
neutral solutions have no effect on litmus
e.g. NaCl(aq), C12H22O11(aq)

10. Diagnostic Tests are used to determine properties of a solution
conductivity test - used to test for electrolytes
litmus test - used to test for acidic, basic, or neutral solutions