1. Diarrhoea doll with happy and sad face
Teacher needs
Diarrhoea doll with happy and sad face
ORS packet
1L bottle
IV bottle (empty is ok)
Sugar salt and cup 200ml

2. Why is one plant wilted and one not wilted?

3. Plants are made of a lot of water. So are human bodies 75% (3/4) water

4. Meet Kuppu the diarrhoea doll
Kuppu is happy when full of water
But when diarrhoea starts he loses water
Diarrhoea can kill only because it dehydrates
Kuppu needs more water to stay alive
How do you give this water? By mouth?- will it cause more diarrhoea?
Do you need to give IV fluids?
To know the answer you need to understand how the small intestine works.

5. The small intestine looks like a tube at first

6. But if you look at the small bowel in a microscope it has little hair like structures called villi. The villi contain blood vessels – why?

7. Now lets see a video that shows how small bowel works
Video- explain how the bowel absorbs nutrients and water and how germs can turn the pumps off causing diarrhoea
Video 1
Germs switch off the pumps that pump water and nutrients from bowel into the blood
You drink 2-3 liters of water a day and make 6L of saliva and bowel juices daily. If the germs switch off the pumps where will all this water go? (Ask the class). It causes diarrhoea and we get dehydrated.

8. Story of diarrhoea in Africa
Africa has many poor countries.
When people get diarrhoea they used to need IV fluids to replace the water lost
IV fluids cost a lot
It needed lots of doctors and Nurses to give IV fluids
Will it be easy to find a vein in someone who is dehydrated?

9. If you mix glucose with the Right amount of salt
A doctor gets an idea to help people who need fluids when they get diarrhoea
If you mix glucose with the
Right amount of salt
You can help the small
Intestine absorb water!!

10. ORS saves lives! Many African lives were saved by this finding!

11. Why is ORS better than IV- ask the class.
Cheaper
No need for doctors and nurses. You can do it at home yourself
Easy to give

12. ORS can be bought in shops or you can get it from Government PHC or KCPPHC staff. ORS how to make it. Ask class to read label. Why is correct water quantity important? The small bowel pumps blocked by germs will only work if the strength of salt and glucose is correct. Too much or too little water makes it useless.

13. Home made sugar salt solution
Packet ORS is best but if you do not have it you can make ORS at home
Use sugar and salt to show how to make SSS
SSS can save your child’s life when you are all alone and you get diarrhoea
Give it with cup/spoon
Video 2

14. Some people do need IV fluids
Video 3 and 4 sick children who had severe diarrhoea
Discuss why eyes sunken and skin not elastic
These children need ORS and IV fluids

15. Why do antibiotics and injections not help most people with diarrhoea- revise types of germs
Revise antibiotic resistance

16. Others who need IV fluid or need to go to a health centre
Those vomiting lots
(ask why)
High fever
Blood and
mucus stool- these
People have a bacteria
Causing diarrhoea and need
Antibiotics

17. Role plays 1. some one with simple diarrhoea
Someone has diarrhoea when its night and not possible to go to a health centre
Someone says they need injections when they get mild diarrhoea
Someone has severe diarrhoea and vomiting

18. If you have time talk about mild diarrhoea and lomotil (hyoscine)
Giardiasis