1. Energy Efficient Solutions for The Inn at Otter Crest
Capstone Team: Abdulaziz Alnassar, Lee Han, Osman Kucuk, Kevin Murray, Natalie Sherwood, Huy Tran, Andrey Volodkin
Capstone Advisor: Dr. Huafen Hu
Sponsored By: Inn at Otter Crest Homeowner Association

2. Overview Background Mission Statement Project Plan Research & Data
Collection
System Selections
Financial Analysis
Conclusion

3. Background Constructed in 1972 35 Acres Mixed Property Usage
27 buildings, 144 total units
All electric heating – no natural gas

4. Mission Statement Reduce energy consumption
Cut the Inn’s electrical bill by 20%
Provide cost effective solutions
Achieve a maximum of 6 year payback

5. Project Plan
Research and Brainstorm ↓ Data Collection and client interviews Energy Modeling and load calculations System selection ↕ Payback analysis

6. Research What affects residential energy consumption?
Heating equipment efficiency
Domestic hot water
Tightness of building envelope
Efficiency of lighting and appliances
Occupancy and temperature control

7. Data collection

8. Climate Analysis
Weather Data – Energy models and heating system design
Average monthly dry - bulb temperatures
Solar Data – Renewable energy analysis
Annual incident solar radiation

9. Design and Utility Data
Design Conditions – Heating system sizing
ASHRAE standard heating design data
Smart Meter Data – Utility billing information
Detailed breakdown of kW (demand) and kWh (consumption) for each meter

10. Inverse Modeling Energy Signature Model Inverse modeling technique
Regression Equation
Output from MatLab
FH = α + β (TB – TOA)+
α = Base level consumption
β = Heating Slope
TB = reference temperature (Balance point temp)
R2 =
α = 4960 kWh/month
β = kWh/month/°F
TB = °F

11. eQuest Model
Calibration Model
eQuest

12. Solutions Ruled Out Envelope Solar Domestic Hot Water
Windows and Insulation
updated around 2000
Envelope modifications
are costly and invasive
Solar
High cost ~ $3,617,310
23 year payback
Domestic Hot Water
Limited space
Long payback
Health issues

13. Final Selection & Cost Analysis
Utility Bill Distribution (20 Meters)
Category
Total Charge
Percent of Total Bill
Base Charge
$8,881.92
6.62%
Demand Charge
$19,157.91
14.27%
Kwh Charge
$106,202.70
79.11%
Total
$134,242.53
100%
Final selection is based on
Simple Payback – 6 years
Utility bill consists of:
Base charge
Demand charge
Kwh charge
Cost analysis effective rate - $0.11/kWh
Total kWh 2014
Total Bill
Effective Utility Rate per kWh
$134,242.53
$0.11

14. Final Selections – LED Lighting
LED Benefits:
Higher efficiency – 9 watt/light bulb
Longer life expectancy – 7.5 years for 11 operating hours per day
Exterior light – Total on property = 454 light bulbs

15. Cost Analysis – LED Lighting
Light Bulb Information
Bulb Type
$/bulb
Watts/bulb
Life Expectancy (year)
Utility Cost (year)
CFL
$3.00 14
2.5
$6.18
LED
$10.00 9
7.5
$3.97
Simple payback calculation
Incremental purchase price
Incremental cost saving
Payback Year
Saving in 6th year
$7.00
$2.21
3.17
$5,512.28
$3,150
$993.71

16. Final Selections – Heat Pump
Heat pumps:
Two 50,000 Btuh per 8 unit building
One 50,000 Btuh per 4 unit building
-Installation should be straightforward
-Better efficiency and heat distribution

17. Cost Analysis – Mini Split System
Heat Pump Information
Cost per heat pump
HP per Building
16 building total cost
Incentive Value
Total Capital Cost
$3,000 2
$96,000.00
$16,000.00
$80,000.00
Heat Pump Savings - Annually
kWh Saved
Cost Savings
Average
10192
$1,121.12
Total Builing
163072
$17,937.92
Simple payback calculation
Incremental purchase price
Incremental cost saving
Payback Year
Saving in 6th year
$80,000.00
$17,938.00
4.46
$27,627.58

18. Cost Analysis – Demand Reduction
Current Billing Schedules
Utility Schedule
Current Bill
2014 Utility Cost
S-190 4
$134,242.53
S-200 16
Proposed Change to S-190
Annual Utility Cost
Difference/Saving
$87,254.52
$46,988.01
What contributes to demand
Occupant behavior (mainly)

19. Conclusion/Recommendations
Reduce energy consumption
Heat Pumps Savings
LED + Heat Pumps – 14.1%
Projected additional savings from demand – 30-35%
Provide cost effective solutions
Both solutions – 4 years simple payback
Annual Saving
Systems
Savings
Percent of 2014 Bill
LED Lights
$993.71
0.7%
Heat Pump
$17,937.93
13.4%
HP + Lighting
$18,931.64
14.1%
No Demand Charge
$46,988.01
35.0%
Further Recommendations
Detailed occupancy data is required to further research demand reduction strategies

20. Questions ????